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The [[GALILEO General Introduction|GALILEO]]  System will be an independent, global, European-controlled, satellite-based navigation system and will provide a number of guaranteed services to users equipped with Galileo-compatible receivers. The GALILEO Public Regulated Service (PRS) provides position and timing restricted to government-authorised users, for sensitive applications which require a high level of service continuity.<ref name="GALHLD"/>  It will be encrypted and designed to be more robust, with anti-jamming mechanisms and reliable problem detection. This service is intended for security and strategic infrastructure (e.g. energy, telecommunications and finance).<ref name="Mid-term review">[http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_MEMO-11-26_en.htm Mid-term review of the European satellite radio navigation programmes]</ref><ref name="Regulation"> [http://eur-lex.europa.eu/JOHtml.do?uri=OJ:L:2008:196:SOM:en:HTML Regulation (EC) No 683/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 July 2008 on the further implementation of the European satellite navigation programmes (EGNOS and Galileo).]</ref>
The [[GALILEO General Introduction|GALILEO]]  System is an independent, global, European-controlled, satellite-based navigation system and provides a number of guaranteed services to users equipped with Galileo-compatible receivers. The GALILEO Public Regulated Service (PRS) provides position and timing restricted to government-authorised users, for sensitive applications which require a high level of service continuity.<ref name="GALHLD"/>  It is encrypted and designed to be more robust, with anti-jamming mechanisms and reliable problem detection. This service is intended for security and strategic infrastructure (e.g. energy, telecommunications and finance).<ref name="Mid-term review">[http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_MEMO-11-26_en.htm Mid-term review of the European satellite radio navigation programmes]</ref><ref name="PRS website"> [https://www.gsc-europa.eu/galileo/services/public-regulated-service PRS Service in European GNSS Service Centre (GSC) website.]</ref>


PRS is one of the important features of Galileo that adds value compared to other satellite navigation systems. The access to PRS will be limited to authorized governmental bodies.<ref name="PressReleasePRS">[http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-10-1301_en.htm  Press release 8th October 2010 on the Public Regulated Service]</ref>
PRS is one of the important features of Galileo that adds value compared to other satellite navigation systems. The access to PRS is limited to authorized governmental bodies.<ref name="PRS website"> [https://www.gsc-europa.eu/galileo/services/public-regulated-service PRS Service in European GNSS Service Centre (GSC) website.]</ref>


==Purpose==
==Purpose==
[[File:PortControl.jpg‎|250px|European Maritime Safety Agency: a PRS Application|thumb]]
[[File:PortControl.jpg‎|250px|European Maritime Safety Agency: a PRS Application|thumb]]


Galileo is a civil system that also includes a robust and access-controlled service for government-authorized applications. The Public Regulated Service (PRS) will be used by groups such as police, coast-guards and customs. Civil institutions will control the access to the encrypted PRS. Access by region or user group will follow the security policy rules applicable in Europe.  
Galileo is a civil system that also includes a robust and access-controlled service for government-authorized applications. The Public Regulated Service (PRS) is intended for use by groups such as police, coast-guards and customs. Civil institutions will control the access to the encrypted PRS. Access by region or user group will follow the security policy rules applicable in Europe.  
   
   
The PRS is operational at all times and in all circumstances, including during periods of crisis. A major PRS driver is the robustness of its signal, which protects it against jamming and spoofing.<ref name="ESA_GALILEO">[http://www.esa.int/esaNA/galileo.html ESA Galileo web page]</ref>
The PRS is similar to Galileo’s Open and Commercial GNSS services but with some important differences to make it operational at all times and in all circumstances, including during periods of crisis. PRS is intended to ensure better continuity of service to authorised users when access to other navigation services may be degraded (resilience) and in cases of malicious interference, PRS increases the likelihood of the continuous availability of the Signal-in-Space (robustness)<ref name="PRS website"> [https://www.gsc-europa.eu/galileo/services/public-regulated-service PRS Service in European GNSS Service Centre (GSC) website.]</ref>
.
 
A major PRS driver is the robustness of its signal, which makes it more costly and difficult to be attacked, thus the service is more resistant to jamming and spoofing.<ref name="ESA GALILEO">[https://www.esa.int/Applications/Navigation/Galileo ESA Galileo Webpage]</ref>
   
   
The PRS will provide a higher level of protection against the threats to Galileo Signals in Space through the use of appropriate interference mitigation technologies.
The PRS provides a higher level of protection against the threats to Galileo Signals in Space through the use of appropriate interference mitigation technologies.
The need for the Public Regulated Service (PRS) results from the analysis of threats to the Galileo system and the identification of infrastructure applications where disruption to the Signal in Space (SiS) by economic terrorists, malcontents, subversives or hostile agencies could result in damaging reductions in national security, law enforcement, safety or economic activity within a significant geographic area.
The need for the Public Regulated Service (PRS) results from the analysis of threats to the Galileo system and the identification of infrastructure applications where disruption to the Signal in Space (SiS) by economic terrorists, malcontents, subversives or hostile agencies could result in damaging reductions in national security, law enforcement, safety or economic activity within a significant geographic area.


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[[File:Galileo Signals in Space.png|250px|GNSS Signal Frequencies|left|thumb]]
[[File:Galileo Signals in Space.png|250px|GNSS Signal Frequencies|left|thumb]]


The Galileo Public Regulated Service is accessible through [[GALILEO Signal Plan|two signals]], one in the 1575.42 MHz band and the other in the 1278.75 MHz band, permanently broadcast. They are wide band signals so as to be resistant to involuntary interference or malicious jamming and therefore offer a better continuity of service. These signals are encrypted, allowing the implementation of an access control scheme.<ref name="ESA_GALILEO"/> <ref name="GALHLD"/>  
The Galileo Public Regulated Service is accessible through [[GALILEO Signal Plan|two signals]], one in the 1575.42 MHz band and the other in the 1278.75 MHz band, permanently broadcast. They are wide band signals so as to be resistant to involuntary interference or malicious jamming and therefore offer a better continuity of service. These signals are encrypted, allowing the implementation of an access control scheme.<ref name="ESA GALILEO">[https://www.esa.int/Applications/Navigation/Galileo ESA Galileo Webpage]</ref> <ref name="GALHLD"/>  


The Public Regulated Service access will be controlled by the authorities to be defined at European level, through the encryption of the signals and the appropriate key distribution. Member States will maintain control of distribution of receivers.
The Public Regulated Service access will be controlled by the authorities to be defined at European level, through the encryption of the signals and the appropriate key distribution. Member States will maintain control of distribution of receivers.


The performance objectives in terms of position accuracy and availability are described in next table: <ref name="GALHLD"> Galileo Mission High Level Definition, v3, September 2002.</ref>
The performance objectives in terms of position accuracy and availability are described in next table: <ref name="GALHLD"> Galileo Mission High Level Definition, v7.1, July 2012.</ref>


{| class="wikitable" align="center"
{| class="wikitable" align="center"
Line 39: Line 42:
|- align="center"   
|- align="center"   
! colspan="2"| Dual Frequency (DF)
! colspan="2"| Dual Frequency (DF)
|- align="center"
! colspan="2"| Coverage
| Global
|- align="center"
|- align="center"
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | Accuracy (95%)  
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | Accuracy (95%)  
Line 50: Line 50:
! colspan="2"| Availability  
! colspan="2"| Availability  
| 99.5 %  
| 99.5 %  
|- align="center"
! colspan="2"| Continuity Risk
| 10e-5/15 s
|- align="center"
|- align="center"
! colspan="2"| Timing Accuracy wrt UTC/TAI  
! colspan="2"| Timing Accuracy wrt UTC/TAI  
| 100 ns  
| 30 ns  
|- align="center"
|- align="center"
! colspan="2"| Ionospheric Correction  
! colspan="2"| Ionospheric Correction  
| Based on DF Measurements
| Based on DF Measurements
|- align="center"
|- align="center"
! rowspan="4" |Integrity
!Computes
|Yes
|- align="center"   
!Alarm Limit
| H:20 m -V:35 m
|- align="center"   
!Time-To-Alarm
| 10 s
|- align="center"   
!Integrity Risk
| 3.5x10e-7/150 s
|}
|}


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==Implementation and PRS Applications==
==Implementation and PRS Applications==
During the [[GALILEO_Future_and_Evolutions|Initial Operational Capability (IOC) phase]], the GALILEO open service, the search and rescue service and the PRS will be provided. At this stage, however, accuracy and availability will not yet have reached their optimum levels.<ref name="Mid-term review">[http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/newsroom/cf/_getdocument.cfm?doc_id=6321 Mid-term review of the European satellite radio navigation programmes]</ref>
PRS services are available since the Galileo Initial Services Declaration in December 2016 together with the Galileo Open and Search and Rescue Services. Full Operational Capability is expected for 2020. <ref name="Initial Service">[https://www.gsa.europa.eu/galileo/services/initial-services Galileo Initial Services]</ref>
 
Key elements in the PRS service design comprise<ref name="PRS website"> [https://www.gsc-europa.eu/galileo/services/public-regulated-service PRS Service in European GNSS Service Centre (GSC) website.]</ref>:
* Galileo Security Facility: this includes the Galileo Security Monitoring Centre (GSMC);
* Ground Segment: this includes the Galileo Control Centre, which consists of the Galileo Mission System (GMS), Galileo Control System (GCS), Galileo Sensor Stations (GSS) and the Uplink Station (ULS);
* Space Segment: Galileo satellites broadcast the PRS signal in space;
* User Segment: this includes individual end-users with PRS receivers and a support and management framework within in each authorised PRS participant.


Each Member State wishing to use PRS will set up a "Responsible PRS Authority". This authority will manage and control end-users as well as the manufacture of PRS receivers. It will also ensure adherence to clearly-defined security standards. Coordination on a European level will guarantee consistency and conformity with the high level of security required. The legislative proposal will be forwarded to the European Parliament and the Council for approval as part of the ordinary legislative procedure. As approved, the PRS will be available at IOC, when Galileo is expected to become initially operational, together with two other initial Galileo services, the Open Service and the Search-And-Rescue Service.<ref name="PressReleasePRS"/> <ref name="Mid-term review"/>
Each Member State wishing to use PRS shall set up a "Competent PRS Authority (CPA)". This authority manages and controls end-users as well as the manufacture of PRS receivers. It also ensures adherence to clearly-defined security standards. Coordination on a European level guarantees consistency and conformity with the high level of security required. The legislative proposal shall be forwarded to the European Parliament and the Council for approval as part of the ordinary legislative procedure.


PRS applications will be used by emergency services, critical transportation, energy or telecom and defence purposes: even if Galileo is the first civilian GNSS in the world, nothing prevents the Member States to use it for military purposes. In this context, the PRS can have important impacts on the Europe's Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) and on the European Security and Defence Policy (ESDP).<ref name="EC GAL web">[http://ec.europa.eu/growth/sectors/space/galileo_en EC Galileo website]</ref>  
PRS applications can be used by emergency services, critical transportation, energy or telecom and defence purposes: even if Galileo is the first civilian GNSS in the world, nothing prevents the Member States to use it for military purposes. In this context, the PRS can have important impacts on the Europe's Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) and on the European Security and Defence Policy (ESDP).<ref name="EC GAL web">[http://ec.europa.eu/growth/sectors/space/galileo_en EC Galileo website]</ref>  


Typical applications include:<ref name="GALHLD"/>
Typical applications include:
# Trans-European level
# Trans-European level
#* Law Enforcement (EUROPOL, Customs, European Anti-Fraud Office - OLAF);
#* Law Enforcement (EUROPOL, Customs, European Anti-Fraud Office - OLAF);

Latest revision as of 07:47, 16 March 2020


GALILEOGALILEO
Title Galileo Public Regulated Service (PRS)
Edited by GMV
Level Basic
Year of Publication 2011
Logo GMV.png

The GALILEO System is an independent, global, European-controlled, satellite-based navigation system and provides a number of guaranteed services to users equipped with Galileo-compatible receivers. The GALILEO Public Regulated Service (PRS) provides position and timing restricted to government-authorised users, for sensitive applications which require a high level of service continuity.[1] It is encrypted and designed to be more robust, with anti-jamming mechanisms and reliable problem detection. This service is intended for security and strategic infrastructure (e.g. energy, telecommunications and finance).[2][3]

PRS is one of the important features of Galileo that adds value compared to other satellite navigation systems. The access to PRS is limited to authorized governmental bodies.[3]

Purpose

European Maritime Safety Agency: a PRS Application

Galileo is a civil system that also includes a robust and access-controlled service for government-authorized applications. The Public Regulated Service (PRS) is intended for use by groups such as police, coast-guards and customs. Civil institutions will control the access to the encrypted PRS. Access by region or user group will follow the security policy rules applicable in Europe.

The PRS is similar to Galileo’s Open and Commercial GNSS services but with some important differences to make it operational at all times and in all circumstances, including during periods of crisis. PRS is intended to ensure better continuity of service to authorised users when access to other navigation services may be degraded (resilience) and in cases of malicious interference, PRS increases the likelihood of the continuous availability of the Signal-in-Space (robustness)[3] .

A major PRS driver is the robustness of its signal, which makes it more costly and difficult to be attacked, thus the service is more resistant to jamming and spoofing.[4]

The PRS provides a higher level of protection against the threats to Galileo Signals in Space through the use of appropriate interference mitigation technologies. The need for the Public Regulated Service (PRS) results from the analysis of threats to the Galileo system and the identification of infrastructure applications where disruption to the Signal in Space (SiS) by economic terrorists, malcontents, subversives or hostile agencies could result in damaging reductions in national security, law enforcement, safety or economic activity within a significant geographic area.

The objective of the PRS is to improve the probability of continuous availability of the SIS, in the presence of interfering threats, to those users with such a need. The introduction of interference mitigation technologies carries with it a responsibility to ensure that access to these technologies is adequately controlled to prevent misuse of the technologies against the interests of Member States.

Performance and features

GNSS Signal Frequencies

The Galileo Public Regulated Service is accessible through two signals, one in the 1575.42 MHz band and the other in the 1278.75 MHz band, permanently broadcast. They are wide band signals so as to be resistant to involuntary interference or malicious jamming and therefore offer a better continuity of service. These signals are encrypted, allowing the implementation of an access control scheme.[4] [1]

The Public Regulated Service access will be controlled by the authorities to be defined at European level, through the encryption of the signals and the appropriate key distribution. Member States will maintain control of distribution of receivers.

The performance objectives in terms of position accuracy and availability are described in next table: [1]

Service Performances for Galileo PRS
Galileo Public Regulated Service (PRS)
Dual Frequency (DF)
Accuracy (95%) Horizontal: 6.5 m
Vertical: 12 m
Availability 99.5 %
Timing Accuracy wrt UTC/TAI 30 ns
Ionospheric Correction Based on DF Measurements

For more information about PRS performances, see the article Galileo Performances.

Implementation and PRS Applications

PRS services are available since the Galileo Initial Services Declaration in December 2016 together with the Galileo Open and Search and Rescue Services. Full Operational Capability is expected for 2020. [5]

Key elements in the PRS service design comprise[3]:

  • Galileo Security Facility: this includes the Galileo Security Monitoring Centre (GSMC);
  • Ground Segment: this includes the Galileo Control Centre, which consists of the Galileo Mission System (GMS), Galileo Control System (GCS), Galileo Sensor Stations (GSS) and the Uplink Station (ULS);
  • Space Segment: Galileo satellites broadcast the PRS signal in space;
  • User Segment: this includes individual end-users with PRS receivers and a support and management framework within in each authorised PRS participant.

Each Member State wishing to use PRS shall set up a "Competent PRS Authority (CPA)". This authority manages and controls end-users as well as the manufacture of PRS receivers. It also ensures adherence to clearly-defined security standards. Coordination on a European level guarantees consistency and conformity with the high level of security required. The legislative proposal shall be forwarded to the European Parliament and the Council for approval as part of the ordinary legislative procedure.

PRS applications can be used by emergency services, critical transportation, energy or telecom and defence purposes: even if Galileo is the first civilian GNSS in the world, nothing prevents the Member States to use it for military purposes. In this context, the PRS can have important impacts on the Europe's Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) and on the European Security and Defence Policy (ESDP).[6]

Typical applications include:

  1. Trans-European level
    • Law Enforcement (EUROPOL, Customs, European Anti-Fraud Office - OLAF);
    • Security Services (Maritime Safety Agency) or Emergency Services (peace keeping forces or humanitarian interventions);
  2. Member States levels
    • Law enforcement;
    • Customs;
    • Intelligence Services.

Notes

References