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The MTSAT Satellite Augmentation System ([[MSAS General Introduction|MSAS]]) is the Japanese [[SBAS General Introduction|Satellite Based Augmentation System (SBAS)]] System:<ref name="MSAS_STATUS_2007">[http://www.unoosa.org/ MSAS Current Status, Japan Civil Aviation Bureau,] [http://www.oosa.unvienna.org/oosa/SAP/gnss/icg/icg02/presentations.html Second Meeting of the International Committee on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (ICG) organized by the International Space Research Organization,  Bangalore, India , 5 - 7 September 2007]</ref> a GPS Augmentation system with the goal of improving its accuracy, integrity, and availability.
First tests were accomplished successfully, and MSAS system for aviation use was declared operational in September 27, 2007,<ref name="MSAS_STATUS_2007_2">QZSS / MSAS Status, CGSIC –47th Meeting ,Fort Worth, Texas September25, 2007, Satoshi KOGURE, [http://www.jaxa.jp/index_e.html Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency,] QZSS Project Team</ref><ref name="MSAS_GPSW">[http://www.gpsworld.com/surveyperspectives-late-april-2008-7289 Eric Gakstatter, Perspectives - Late April 2008, GPSworld, April 15, 2008]</ref><ref name=MSAS_WIKI_2>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-functional_Satellite_Augmentation_System Multi-functional Satellite Augmentation System] in [http://en.wikipedia.org/ Wikipedia]</ref> providing a service of horizontal guidance for En-route through Non-Precision Approach.<ref name="MSAS_STATUS_2007"/><ref name="MSAS_STATUS_2007_2"/><ref name="MSAS_STATUS_2008">[http://www.unoosa.org/ Overview of MSAS, Presentation for ICG-3, 2008]</ref>
The SBAS signal used to be transmitted from MTSAT (Multi-functional Transport Satellites) operated by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT). The SBAS signal that is made by MLIT is now transmitted from the QZS-3 GEO satellite using the QZSS SBAS transmission service since April 2020.<ref name=SBASTS>[https://qzss.go.jp/en/overview/services/sv12_sbas.html SBAS Transmission Service]</ref>


The Multi-functional Satellite Augmentation System (MSAS) is the Japanese [[SBAS General Introduction|SBAS]] System: a GPS Augmentation system with the goal of improving its accuracy, integrity, and availability, and that uses the Multifunctional Transport Satellites (MTSAT). Tests had been accomplished successfully, and MSAS for aviation use was commissioned on September 27, 2007.


MSAS receives GPS signal at the Ground Monitor Stations and the Monitor & Ranging Stations, checks operational status of GPS, analyze GPS error and ionospheric delay, and then broadcasts augmentation information through MTSAT (Multi-functional Transport Satellite)<ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-Functional_Transport_Satellite MTSAT in Wikipedia]</ref> from the Master Control Stations. Those satellites, MTSAT, broadcast the correction messages back to Earth, where MSAS-enabled GPS receivers use the corrections while computing their positions to improve accuracy.


==MSAS Space Segment==
==MSAS Space Segment==
[[File:MTSAT-1.jpg|thumb|MTSAT-1 GEO satellite]]
The space segment originally consisted of two geosynchronous communication satellites (GEO): the '''Multifunctional Transport Satellites (MTSAT)''', with navigation payloads which broadcasted the correction messages generated by the Master Control Stations for reception by the users.<ref name="MSAS_STATUS_2008"/> These two satellites were not only devoted to navigation, but also to meteorological/weather purposes.
MTSAT were owned and operated by the [http://www.mlit.go.jp Japanese Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport] and the [http://www.jma.go.jp Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA),]<ref name="MTSAT">[http://spaceinfo.jaxa.jp/ja/mtsat.html MTSAT and its System], Satellite Program Division, [http://www.jma.go.jp Japan Meteorological Agency]</ref> and provide coverage for the hemisphere centered on 140° East (including Japan and Australia, the main users of the MTSAT images). Besides being the Space Segment of the Japanese MSAS Augmentation system, the MTSAT satellites provided imagery in five wavelength bands for weather functions. 
MTSAT-1R (also known as Himawari 6) was successfully launched on a H-IIA on February 26, 2005.<ref name="MTSATWiki"/> It was built by Space Systems/Loral.
MTSAT-2 (also known as Himawari 7) was built by [http://www.mitsubishielectric.com/ Mitsubishi] and successfully put in orbit on February 18, 2006.<ref name="MTSATWiki"/> Their lifespan was planned of five years.<ref name="MTSATWiki">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-Functional_Transport_Satellite MTSAT in Wikipedia]</ref><ref name="MTSAT_CHARS">[http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/mtsat-1.htm 1][http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/mtsat-2.htm 2] Major characteristics of MTSAT series, [http://www.jma.go.jp Japan Meteorological Agency]</ref> Both satellites, MTSAT-1R and MTSAT-2, were controlled by Kobe MCS station and Hitachiota MCS, respectively.<ref name="MSAS_STATUS_2008"/> The main characteristics of MTSAT satellites are shown in next table (''table taken from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-functional_Satellite_Augmentation_System MSAS article in Wikipedia]''):<ref name="MSASWiki">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-functional_Satellite_Augmentation_System MSAS in Wikipedia]</ref>


The space segment consists of two geosynchronous communication satellites (GEO): the '''Multifunctional Transport Satellites (MTSAT)''', with navigation payloads which broadcast the correction messages generated by the Master Stations for reception by the User segment. These two satellites are not only devoted to navigation, but also to weather purposes.


They are geostationary satellites owned and operated by the [http://www.mlit.go.jp Japanese Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport] and the [http://www.jma.go.jp Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)], and provide coverage for the hemisphere centred on 140° East; this includes Japan and Australia who are the principal users of the satellite imagery that MTSAT provides. They replace the GMS-5 satellite, also known as Himawari 5 (“himawari” or “ひまわり” meaning “sunflower”). They can provide imagery in five wavelength bands — visible and four infrared, including the water vapour channel. The visible light camera has a resolution of 1 km; the infrared cameras have 4 km (resolution is lower away from the equator at 140° East). The spacecraft have a planned lifespan of five years. MTSAT-1 and 1R were built by Space Systems/Loral. MTSAT-2 was built by [http://www.mitsubishielectric.com/ Mitsubishi]. <ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-Functional_Transport_Satellite MTSAT in Wikipedia]</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
! Satellite Name & Details
! NMEA / PRN
! Location
|-
|[http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2005-006A MTSAT-1R]
|NMEA #42 / PRN #129
|140°E
|-
|[http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2006-004A MTSAT-2]
|NMEA #50 / PRN #137
|145°E
|}


==MSAS V2 (2020)==
MTSAT-2 was replaced by the weather-only Himawari 8 in 2015 and MTSAT-1R was decommissioned later that year, due to fuel limitations.


MTSAT-2 remained operational in its SBAS functions until 2020 when the geostationary QZS-3 satellite, launched in august 2017, assumed the SBAS transmission service, thus starting the MSAS V2 phase.


The QZS-3 satellite or Michibiki 3, was built by Mitsubishi Electric, based on the DS2000 bus. It is placed at 127º East and its improved antenna allows it to transmit two signals (dual-PRN operation). It was the first satellite to transmit an L1Sb SBAS signal. <ref name="Implementation">[https://www.icao.int/APAC/APAC-RSO/GBASSBAS%20Implementation%20Workshop/3-2_GBAS_SBAS%20Implementation%20Perspective-Rev%202%20(S%20Saito).pdf "GBAS/SBAS Implementation Perspective - Japan", GBAS/SBAS International Workshop, Seoul, 3-5 June 2019 ]</ref> <ref name="QZS34">[https://www.gpsworld.com/innovation-qzs-3-and-qzs-4-join-the-quasi-zenith-satellite-system/ "Innovation: QZS-3 and QZS-4 join the Quasi-Zenith Satellite System", GPSworld, February 9, 2018]</ref>


[[File:MSAS_Architecture.PNG|center|thumb|450px|MSAS Architecture]]
==Future Plans==
Future plans for the MSAS include two additional QZSS-GEO satellites (QZS-6 and QZS-7) for MSAS V3 (2023(TBD)) as well as combined GEO and IGSO satellites operation and DFMC (Dual-Frequency Multi-Constellation) for the future MSAS V4. <ref name="Implementation"/>
[[File:MSASplan2019.jpeg|center|upright=1.5|MSAS Plan as presented in 2019. <ref name="Implementation"/>|thumb]]


==Notes==
==Notes==

Latest revision as of 11:27, 27 July 2021


MSASMSAS
Title MSAS Space Segment
Edited by GMV
Level Basic
Year of Publication 2011
Logo GMV.png

The MTSAT Satellite Augmentation System (MSAS) is the Japanese Satellite Based Augmentation System (SBAS) System:[1] a GPS Augmentation system with the goal of improving its accuracy, integrity, and availability.

First tests were accomplished successfully, and MSAS system for aviation use was declared operational in September 27, 2007,[2][3][4] providing a service of horizontal guidance for En-route through Non-Precision Approach.[1][2][5]

The SBAS signal used to be transmitted from MTSAT (Multi-functional Transport Satellites) operated by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT). The SBAS signal that is made by MLIT is now transmitted from the QZS-3 GEO satellite using the QZSS SBAS transmission service since April 2020.[6]


MSAS Space Segment

MTSAT-1 GEO satellite

The space segment originally consisted of two geosynchronous communication satellites (GEO): the Multifunctional Transport Satellites (MTSAT), with navigation payloads which broadcasted the correction messages generated by the Master Control Stations for reception by the users.[5] These two satellites were not only devoted to navigation, but also to meteorological/weather purposes.


MTSAT were owned and operated by the Japanese Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport and the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA),[7] and provide coverage for the hemisphere centered on 140° East (including Japan and Australia, the main users of the MTSAT images). Besides being the Space Segment of the Japanese MSAS Augmentation system, the MTSAT satellites provided imagery in five wavelength bands for weather functions.

MTSAT-1R (also known as Himawari 6) was successfully launched on a H-IIA on February 26, 2005.[8] It was built by Space Systems/Loral. MTSAT-2 (also known as Himawari 7) was built by Mitsubishi and successfully put in orbit on February 18, 2006.[8] Their lifespan was planned of five years.[8][9] Both satellites, MTSAT-1R and MTSAT-2, were controlled by Kobe MCS station and Hitachiota MCS, respectively.[5] The main characteristics of MTSAT satellites are shown in next table (table taken from MSAS article in Wikipedia):[10]


Satellite Name & Details NMEA / PRN Location
MTSAT-1R NMEA #42 / PRN #129 140°E
MTSAT-2 NMEA #50 / PRN #137 145°E

MSAS V2 (2020)

MTSAT-2 was replaced by the weather-only Himawari 8 in 2015 and MTSAT-1R was decommissioned later that year, due to fuel limitations.

MTSAT-2 remained operational in its SBAS functions until 2020 when the geostationary QZS-3 satellite, launched in august 2017, assumed the SBAS transmission service, thus starting the MSAS V2 phase.

The QZS-3 satellite or Michibiki 3, was built by Mitsubishi Electric, based on the DS2000 bus. It is placed at 127º East and its improved antenna allows it to transmit two signals (dual-PRN operation). It was the first satellite to transmit an L1Sb SBAS signal. [11] [12]

Future Plans

Future plans for the MSAS include two additional QZSS-GEO satellites (QZS-6 and QZS-7) for MSAS V3 (2023(TBD)) as well as combined GEO and IGSO satellites operation and DFMC (Dual-Frequency Multi-Constellation) for the future MSAS V4. [11]

MSAS Plan as presented in 2019. [11]

Notes

References

  1. ^ a b MSAS Current Status, Japan Civil Aviation Bureau, Second Meeting of the International Committee on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (ICG) organized by the International Space Research Organization, Bangalore, India , 5 - 7 September 2007
  2. ^ a b QZSS / MSAS Status, CGSIC –47th Meeting ,Fort Worth, Texas September25, 2007, Satoshi KOGURE, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, QZSS Project Team
  3. ^ Eric Gakstatter, Perspectives - Late April 2008, GPSworld, April 15, 2008
  4. ^ Multi-functional Satellite Augmentation System in Wikipedia
  5. ^ a b c Overview of MSAS, Presentation for ICG-3, 2008
  6. ^ SBAS Transmission Service
  7. ^ MTSAT and its System, Satellite Program Division, Japan Meteorological Agency
  8. ^ a b c MTSAT in Wikipedia
  9. ^ 12 Major characteristics of MTSAT series, Japan Meteorological Agency
  10. ^ MSAS in Wikipedia
  11. ^ a b c "GBAS/SBAS Implementation Perspective - Japan", GBAS/SBAS International Workshop, Seoul, 3-5 June 2019
  12. ^ "Innovation: QZS-3 and QZS-4 join the Quasi-Zenith Satellite System", GPSworld, February 9, 2018
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