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Detailed information about Routing can be found in [[Road_Navigation#Routing|Road Navigation]] article. | Detailed information about Routing can be found in [[Road_Navigation#Routing|Road Navigation]] article. | ||
Some car navigation models have [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_reckoning dead reckoning] feature. This feature will allow to maintain routing directions in the event of loss of GNSS signal, for instance when driving across tunnels, or garage parks. Dead reckoning works by using a compass or gyroscope and it is connected with | Some car navigation models have [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_reckoning dead reckoning] feature. This feature will allow to maintain routing directions in the event of loss of GNSS signal, for instance when driving across tunnels, or garage parks. Dead reckoning works by using a compass or gyroscope and it is connected with car's sensors, that record the wheel rotation and steering direction. Due to this reason, the device requires to be permanently installed in the vehicle.<ref name="maps-gps-info" /> | ||
== Product Examples == | == Product Examples == | ||
Revision as of 08:48, 29 April 2011
| Applications | |
|---|---|
| Title | Personal Navigation Devices |
| Author(s) | GMV |
| Level | Basic |
| Year of Publication | 2011 |
Car navigation is currently the main application of GNSS. GNSS data combined with electronic maps allow positioning and guidance of the road user. Personal Navigation Devices sales have enjoyed fast growth over the last 4 years: 76% per year worldwide, 55% in the EU.
[1]
Satellite navigation receivers are now commonly installed in new cars as a key tool for providing new services to people on the move: electronic charging, real-time traffic information, emergency calls, route guidance, fleet management and Advanced Driving Assistance Systems. [2]
Product Description
The road personal navigation devices are a singular type of navigation products, because the navigation is driven by computer software which indicates the directions and procedures to the user, in order to achieve a chosen destination. Most of the current systems have voice incorporated and are able to provide precise information, without causing a dangerous situation situation, due to distractions.
Any driver is capable to use these devices without any special training, skills or qualifications, due to a high investment in interactive user-centric interfaces and usability studies. This fact, aligned with a significant price decreasing in recent years[1], will conduct to a dissemination of these products among the general public.
Many car manufactures are producing vehicles with factory-installed personal navigation devices. The OEM units have advantages, such as security or cost, but lacks in equipment portability.
Many smartphones equipped with the proper software are increasingly being used as road navigation devices, which shall change the navigation devices utilization paradigm during the upcoming years. Despite this fact, the personal navigation devices are dedicated products that commonly offer proper screens, better usability, good user interfaces and don't receive calls, which might interfere with the drivers' behavior while he or she is using the device.
These applications are considered non-critical and the performance provided by the current GPS Standard Positioning Service (SPS) is considered enough in most situations
Product Characterization
Equipment mounting
Apart from the OEM products, the road personal navigation devices offer a couple of options in order to mount the equipment in the vehicle, such as attached to the windshield or dashboard, throughout a suction equipment piece, allowing the user to choose a suitable position for GNSS reception, and to avoid interferences with the driving activities.
User Inputs
Users are able to provide destinations in many different ways. In most of current models the inputs are provided through the touch-screen, using efficient user interfaces. For instance, these interfaces permit to write an address, insert coordinates, pinpoint a location on the map or chose a point of interest.
Maps
Usually the maps used in car navigation products are accurate and very often updated, comprising information such as, street/road names, speed limits, streets' directions, among many others. The devices also offer the possibility to obtain map updates or maps from other countries/regions, usually connecting the device to a computer and getting the updates from internet.
The detailed maps require a lot of memory to be stored and the equipment prices vary according with the memory capacity. The most common form of memory storage in these systems is a Secure Digital (SD) or Compact Flash (CF) card. [3]
Many map applications usually provide 2 road views modes: the 2D map view and the 3D bird's eye view, which are both detailed in Road View section, on Road Navigation article.
Points of Interest are often used in road navigation devices. POIs are map positions, as it is defined in waypoints section on Handheld Outdoor Receivers article and are used to enrich maps information.
Routing
Most of the currently available models own two routing algorithms: the fastest route and the shortest route.
In case of deviations from the suggested route, the devices usually recalculate a new route. Other features commonly available are the ability to have preferences to avoid certain roads or areas. [3]
Detailed information about Routing can be found in Road Navigation article.
Some car navigation models have dead reckoning feature. This feature will allow to maintain routing directions in the event of loss of GNSS signal, for instance when driving across tunnels, or garage parks. Dead reckoning works by using a compass or gyroscope and it is connected with car's sensors, that record the wheel rotation and steering direction. Due to this reason, the device requires to be permanently installed in the vehicle.[3]
Product Examples
Currently there are many manufactures producing personal navigation devices, although the market is shared in its large majority by Garmin and TomTom. The most recognizable players are the following:[4]
- Garmin PNDs Garmin owns lines of products for cars, motorcycles and trucks.
- Magellan PNDs
- Navman PNDs
- TomTom PNDs TomTom, owns a huge ammount of different product lines.
Notes
References
- ^ a b GSA GNSS Market Report – Issue 1, October 2010.
- ^ Galileo Application Sheet - Road Applications, ESA and European Commission, October 2002.
- ^ a b c Maps GPS Info Site - Car Navigation
- ^ CNET site - Car Navigation Comparison