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The MTSAT Satellite Augmentation System ([[MSAS General Introduction|MSAS]]) is the Japanese [[SBAS General Introduction|Satellite Based Augmentation System (SBAS)]] System:<ref name="MSAS_STATUS_2007">[http://www.unoosa.org/ MSAS Current Status, Japan Civil Aviation Bureau,] [http://www.oosa.unvienna.org/oosa/SAP/gnss/icg/icg02/presentations.html Second Meeting of the International Committee on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (ICG) organized by the International Space Research Organization,  Bangalore, India , 5 - 7 September 2007]</ref> a GPS Augmentation system with the goal of improving its accuracy, integrity, and availability.
First tests were accomplished successfully, and MSAS system for aviation use was declared operational in September 27, 2007,<ref name="MSAS_STATUS_2007_2">QZSS / MSAS Status, CGSIC –47th Meeting ,Fort Worth, Texas September25, 2007, Satoshi KOGURE, [http://www.jaxa.jp/index_e.html Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency,] QZSS Project Team</ref><ref name="MSAS_GPSW">[http://www.gpsworld.com/surveyperspectives-late-april-2008-7289 Eric Gakstatter, Perspectives - Late April 2008, GPSworld, April 15, 2008]</ref><ref name=MSAS_WIKI_2>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-functional_Satellite_Augmentation_System Multi-functional Satellite Augmentation System] in [http://en.wikipedia.org/ Wikipedia]</ref> providing a service of horizontal guidance for En-route through Non-Precision Approach.<ref name="MSAS_STATUS_2007"/><ref name="MSAS_STATUS_2007_2"/><ref name="MSAS_STATUS_2008">[http://www.unoosa.org/ Overview of MSAS, Presentation for ICG-3, 2008]</ref>
The SBAS signal used to be transmitted from MTSAT (Multi-functional Transport Satellites) operated by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT). The SBAS signal that is made by MLIT is now transmitted from the QZS-3 GEO satellite using the QZSS SBAS transmission service since April 2020.<ref name="QZSS_SBAS">[https://qzss.go.jp/en/overview/services/sv12_sbas.html SBAS Transmission Service], QZSS Official Website</ref>


The Multi-functional Satellite Augmentation System (MSAS) is the Japanese [[SBAS General Introduction|SBAS]] System: a GPS Augmentation system with the goal of improving its accuracy, integrity, and availability, and that uses the Multifunctional Transport Satellites (MTSAT)  owned and operated by the [http://www.mlit.go.jp Japanese Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport] and the [http://www.jma.go.jp Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)]. MSAS for aviation use was declared operational on September 27, 2007.<ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-functional_Satellite_Augmentation_System MSAS in Wikipedia]</ref>


GPS signals are received at the MSAS Ground Monitor Stations (GMS) and MSAS Monitor & Ranging Stations. These stations check operational status of GPS, and transmit GPS data to Master Control Stations that analyze GPS error and ionospheric delay. Then, these Master stations compute Augmentation information and broadcast it to GEO MTSAT (Multi-functional Transport Satellite)<ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-Functional_Transport_Satellite MTSAT in Wikipedia]</ref> satellites. Those satellites, MTSAT, rebroadcast the correction messages back to Earth, where MSAS-enabled GPS receivers use the MSAS corrections to compute a reliable and accurate position.


==MSAS Performances==
==MSAS Performances==


MSAS for aviation use was commissioned on September 27, 2007. MSAS provide service for air navigation:
MSAS for aviation use was commissioned on September 27, 2007. MSAS provides service for air navigation with the following characteristics:<ref name="MSAS_STATUS_2008"/>
 
*24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
– 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
*Operational Information is provided as ''notice to airmen'' (NOTAM).<ref>[http://www.skybrary.aero/index.php/NOTAM Description of NOTAM]</ref>
 
*Use for En-route through Non Precision Approach (NPA) phase of flight, horizontal guidance only.
– Operational Information is provided as NOTAM. <ref>[http://www.skybrary.aero/index.php/NOTAM Description of NOTAM]</ref>
*Service over the [http://www.mlit.go.jp/koku/04_hoan/e/04.pdf Fukuoka Flight Information Region].
 
– Use for En-route through Non Precision Approach (NPA) phase of flight (Performance improvement plan under development).
 
Performances are usually described in terms of accuracy, integrity, availability and continuity. The MSAS Performance Requirements vs observed performances for En-route through Non Precision Approach (NPA) phase of flight are:<ref>[http://www.oosa.unvienna.org/pdf/icg/2008/icg3/08-1.pdf Overview of MSAS, Presentation for ICG-3, 2008]</ref>
 
• Horizontal Accuracy (95%)
 
– Required : Less than 220m (with SA on)
 
– Observed value is less than 2.2m
 
• Integrity (Probability of HMI)
 
– Required : Less than 1x10-7/hour
 
– Fault Tree Analysis leads 0.903x10-7/hour
 
• Availability
 
– Required : More than 99.9%


– Observed : 99.926%
Performances are usually described in terms of accuracy, integrity, availability and continuity. The MSAS Performance Requirements Vs. observed performances for En-route through Non Precision Approach (NPA) phase of flight in 2008 were:<ref name="MSAS_STATUS_2008"/>
*Horizontal Accuracy (95%)
**Required : Less than 220m (with SA on)
**Observed value is less than 2.2m
*Integrity (Probability of HMI)
**Required : Less than 1x10-7/hour
**Fault Tree Analysis leads 0.903x10-7/hour
*Availability
**Required : More than 99.9%
**Observed : 99.926%


Due to the fact that MTSAT signal are broadcast through the majority region of Asian/Pacific, and there are two MTSAT Monitor stations in Hawaii (USA) and Camberra (Australia), the MSAS service area could be easily expanded if more GMS stations would be installed in MTSAT coverage area.
However, as of 2020, the actual performance has improved, achieving <ref name="rhode">[https://scdn.rohde-schwarz.com/ur/pws/dl_downloads/dl_common_library/dl_brochures_and_datasheets/pdf_1/Rohde__Schwarz_GNSS_Solutions_-_v2.01.pdf ROHDE & SCHWARZ
GNSS solutions]</ref>:
*Horizontal Accuracy (95%)
**< 1.0 m
*Vertical Accuracy (95%)
**< 1.6 m


For the near future, there is a plan under development with the following priorities:
==Performance in future evolutions==
*Support LPV-200 capability (additional GMS, software improvement)  
The following table shows the performance expected for future configurations of the system <ref name="ICAO">[https://www.icao.int/Meetings/anconf13/Documents/WP/wp_249_en.pdf MSAS STATUS AND FUTURE PLAN] ICAO THIRTEENTH AIR NAVIGATION CONFERENCE, Montréal, Canada, 9 to 19 October 2018</ref>
*Changes for transition to Dual Frequency (L1-L5) operations.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! MSAS Version
! Topics
|-
| MSAS V2:<br />System Update Phase<br />(2020 - 2023)
| Performance equal or higher than MSAS V1.
|-
| MSAS V3:<br />LPV Performance Phase<br />(2023 - )
| Vertical guidance: LPV operation by two or more GEOs.<br />High performance IONO software for low latitude magnetic equatorial region based on the research outcome from ENRI.
|-
| MSAS V4:<br />DFMC Validation Phase<br />(2017 - )
| In support of ICAO SARPs validation activity, the initial performance starts with LPV 200.<br />ENRI has started DFMC SBAS experiment in 2017 with QZS2.<br />QZS3 and QZS4 will be used for DFMC SBAS validation.
|}


==Notes==
==Notes==

Latest revision as of 09:11, 30 September 2021


MSASMSAS
Title MSAS Performances
Edited by GMV
Level Basic
Year of Publication 2011
Logo GMV.png

The MTSAT Satellite Augmentation System (MSAS) is the Japanese Satellite Based Augmentation System (SBAS) System:[1] a GPS Augmentation system with the goal of improving its accuracy, integrity, and availability. First tests were accomplished successfully, and MSAS system for aviation use was declared operational in September 27, 2007,[2][3][4] providing a service of horizontal guidance for En-route through Non-Precision Approach.[1][2][5] The SBAS signal used to be transmitted from MTSAT (Multi-functional Transport Satellites) operated by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT). The SBAS signal that is made by MLIT is now transmitted from the QZS-3 GEO satellite using the QZSS SBAS transmission service since April 2020.[6]


MSAS Performances

MSAS for aviation use was commissioned on September 27, 2007. MSAS provides service for air navigation with the following characteristics:[5]

  • 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
  • Operational Information is provided as notice to airmen (NOTAM).[7]
  • Use for En-route through Non Precision Approach (NPA) phase of flight, horizontal guidance only.
  • Service over the Fukuoka Flight Information Region.

Performances are usually described in terms of accuracy, integrity, availability and continuity. The MSAS Performance Requirements Vs. observed performances for En-route through Non Precision Approach (NPA) phase of flight in 2008 were:[5]

  • Horizontal Accuracy (95%)
    • Required : Less than 220m (with SA on)
    • Observed value is less than 2.2m
  • Integrity (Probability of HMI)
    • Required : Less than 1x10-7/hour
    • Fault Tree Analysis leads 0.903x10-7/hour
  • Availability
    • Required : More than 99.9%
    • Observed : 99.926%

However, as of 2020, the actual performance has improved, achieving [8]:

  • Horizontal Accuracy (95%)
    • < 1.0 m
  • Vertical Accuracy (95%)
    • < 1.6 m

Performance in future evolutions

The following table shows the performance expected for future configurations of the system [9]

MSAS Version Topics
MSAS V2:
System Update Phase
(2020 - 2023) 		Performance equal or higher than MSAS V1.
MSAS V3:
LPV Performance Phase
(2023 - ) 		Vertical guidance: LPV operation by two or more GEOs.
High performance IONO software for low latitude magnetic equatorial region based on the research outcome from ENRI.
MSAS V4:
DFMC Validation Phase
(2017 - ) 		In support of ICAO SARPs validation activity, the initial performance starts with LPV 200.
ENRI has started DFMC SBAS experiment in 2017 with QZS2.
QZS3 and QZS4 will be used for DFMC SBAS validation.

Notes

References

  1. ^ a b MSAS Current Status, Japan Civil Aviation Bureau, Second Meeting of the International Committee on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (ICG) organized by the International Space Research Organization, Bangalore, India , 5 - 7 September 2007
  2. ^ a b QZSS / MSAS Status, CGSIC –47th Meeting ,Fort Worth, Texas September25, 2007, Satoshi KOGURE, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, QZSS Project Team
  3. ^ Eric Gakstatter, Perspectives - Late April 2008, GPSworld, April 15, 2008
  4. ^ Multi-functional Satellite Augmentation System in Wikipedia
  5. ^ a b c Overview of MSAS, Presentation for ICG-3, 2008
  6. ^ SBAS Transmission Service, QZSS Official Website
  7. ^ Description of NOTAM
  8. ^ [https://scdn.rohde-schwarz.com/ur/pws/dl_downloads/dl_common_library/dl_brochures_and_datasheets/pdf_1/Rohde__Schwarz_GNSS_Solutions_-_v2.01.pdf ROHDE & SCHWARZ GNSS solutions]
  9. ^ MSAS STATUS AND FUTURE PLAN ICAO THIRTEENTH AIR NAVIGATION CONFERENCE, Montréal, Canada, 9 to 19 October 2018
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