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GBAS Standards
| Fundamentals | |
|---|---|
| Title | GBAS Standards |
| Edited by | GMV |
| Level | Intermediate |
| Year of Publication | 2011 |
As defined by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is a worldwide position and time determination system that includes one or more satellite constellations, aircraft receivers, and system integrity monitoring, augmented as necessary to support the required navigation performance for the intended operation.[1] Current satellite navigation systems (e.g. GPS, GLONASS or Galileo) were not designed to meet the real-time integrity monitoring capability required by the civil aviation navigation safety needs. To overcome this limitation, several Augmentation Systems have been put in place. Among these systems, the Ground Based Augmentation System (GBAS) is intended primarily to support precision approach operations.
To obtain the required precision in procedures and systems in each Augmentation Systems, universally accepted standards have been introduced.
Introduction
There are standards and specification applicable to GBAS message as well as the airborne GBAS receiver equipment. The specification of GBAS message data format is contained in the ICAO SARPS Appendix B for the aspects related with the signal in space, and in the RTCA MOPS DO-253, the minimum operational performance requirements applicable to the airborne GBAS receiver equipment are described.
There are 3 sets of International Standards which GBAS’s shall be compliant in order to be used by Civil Aviation Authorities:
- The Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPS) Standard for GBAS systems established and controlled by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)[2] and which provides standards regarding the type and content of data which must be generated and transmitted by a GBAS system. In general, the GBAS provider shall broadcast a GBAS Signal in Space (SIS) compliant to this standard in terms of radio-frequency characteristics, and data content and format.
- The Minimum Operational Performance Standard (MOPS) DO-253 established and controlled by the US Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics (RTCA)[3] and which provides standards for an airborne GBAS receiver equipment.
- The Minimum Operational Performance Specification (MOPS) for a Ground Based Augmentation System (GBAS) ground facility to support CAT I approach and landing (incl Amd 1) ED-114, established by EUROCAE[4] Working Group 28.
For the aeronautical user international community, the documents listed in the following table constitute the current version of the core set of documents to be used for the development of a new system devoted to provide services to these users or for the development of aeronautical user terminals.
| Document Item | Reference | Issue | Date | Standardisation Body |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SBAS Elements | ||||
| SARPS Volume 1 – Annex 10 | Including Amendments 1-92 | 7 | July 2018 | ICAO |
| MOPS for GPS/GBAS airborne equipment | MOPS DO-253 | D | July 2017 | RTCA SC 159 |
| GNSS-Based Precision Approach Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS) Signal-In-Space Interface Control Document (ICD) | MOPS-DO-246 | E | July 2017 | RTCA SC 159 |
| Minimum Aviation System Performance Standards (MASPS) for the Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS) | MASPS-DO-245 | A | December 2004 | RTCA SC 159 |
| MOPS for a Ground Based Augmentation System (GBAS) ground facility to support CAT I approach and landing | ED-114 | D | September 2019 | EUROCAE WG28 |
| MASPS for a Global Navigation Satellite System Ground Based Augmentation System to Support Cat 1 Operations | ED-95 | 1 | October 1999 | EUROCAE WG28 |
| Primary Constellations | ||||
| GPS | ||||
| GPS L1, L2C | IS-GPS-200 | L | August 2020 | GPS Wing |
| GPS L5 | IS-GPS-705 | G | August 2020 | GPS Wing |
| GPS L1C | IS-GPS-800 | G | August 2020 | GPS Wing |
| GLONASS | ||||
| GLONASS L1, L2 ICD | GLONASS ICD | 5.1 | 2008 | Russian Institute of Space Device Engineering |
| GLONASS CDMA (L1, L2, L3) | GLONASS ICD | 1.0 | 2016 | Russian Institute of Space Device Engineering |
| Galileo | ||||
| Galileo Open Service SIS ICD | OS SIS ICD | 2.0 | January 2021 | European Union |
| Interim MOPS for airborne GALILEO receiving equipment | ED-131 | Draft 1.2 | July 2018 | EUROCAE WG62 |
Standardization Bodies
Most of the information included in the same section of article SBAS Standards is applicable here. Instead of the Minimum Operational Performance Standards for Global Positioning System/Wide Area Augmentation System Airborne Equipment (MOPS-DO-229D), for GBAS the standard is the one in MOPS Minimum Operational Performance Standards for the local area augmentation system airborne equipment (MOPS-DO-253A) and MOPS for a Ground Based Augmentation System (GBAS) ground facility to support CAT I approach and landing (ED-114). Also, for the analogue of the SBAS Interoperability Working Group (IWG), there is the International GBAS Working Group, whose webpage is www.flygls.net.
Credits
The information therein was mainly obtained from the following homepages:
Notes
References
- ^ ICAO International Standards and Recommended Practices, Annex 10 to the Convention pm International Civil Aviation, Volume I Radio Navigation Aids, Section 3.7.1: Definitions
- ^ a b ICAO website
- ^ a b RTCA website
- ^ a b EUROCAE website