If you wish to contribute or participate in the discussions about articles you are invited to contact the Editor

RTK Standards

From Navipedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Unlike other GNSS Augmentation systems as SBAS or GBAS, DGNSS is not used for civil aviation, but for urban transportation and in offshore areas. Therefore, the standards applying to DGNSS systems are the ones of data transmission standards defined by the Special Committee 104 on DGNSS of the Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services (RTCM). Except for RTCM, there exist other proprietary DGPS standards, such as Trimble Compact Measurement Record (CMR).

RTCM Standards

The internationally accepted data transmission standards for DGNSS are defined by RTCM, particularly by its Special Committee SC-104. RTCM SC-104 is a standard that defines the data structure for differential correction information for a variety of differential correction applications. It was developed by the Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services (RTCM) and has become an industry standard for communication of correction information. Note that RTCM is a binary data protocol.

The applicable documents to DGNSS systems are listed in the following table and constitute the current version of the core set of documents to be used for the development of a new DGNSS system.


Document Item Reference Issue Comments
Recommended Standards for Differential GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems) Service RTCM 10402.3 2.3 This standard is used around the world for differential satellite navigation systems, both maritime and terrestrial.
Differential GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems) Services RTCM 10403.0 3 A more efficient alternative to RTCM 10402.3
Standard for Networked Transport of RTCM via Internet Protocol (Ntrip) RTCM 10410.0 1 An application-level protocol that supports streaming Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data over the Internet
Standard for Differential Navstar GPS Reference Stations and Integrity Monitors (RSIM) RTCM 10401.2 2 A companion to RTCM 10402.3, this standard addresses the performance requirements for the equipment which broadcasts DGNSS corrections

The RTCM 10402.3 standards defined the messages for differential correction information. There are 64 types of messages. The message format is a sequence of 30 bits. The messages 1 to 17 are available in older RTCM versions, while messages 18-21 have been added in version 3 to made the standard applicable to RTK corrections.

The RTCM DGNSS message types are summarized in the following table:

Message type identifier Message Name
1 Differential GPS Corrections
2 Delta Differential GPS Corrections
3 Reference Station Parameters
4 Surveying
5 Constellation Health
6 Null Frame
7 Beacon Almanacs
8 Pseudolite Almanacs
9 Partial Satellite Set Differencial Corrections
10 P-Code Differential Corrections (all)
11 C/A-Code L1, L2 Delta Corrections
12 Pseudolite Station Parameters
13 Ground Transmitter Parameters
14 Surveying Auxiliary Message
15 Ionosphere (Troposphere) Message
16 Special Message
17 Ephemeris Almanac
18 Uncorrected Carrier Phase Measurements
19 Uncorrected Pseudorange Measurements
20 RTK Carrier Phase Corrections
21 RTK Pseudorange Corrections
22-58 Undefined
59 Proprietary Message
60-63 geMultipurpose Usa

Other Standards

The Compact Measurement Record (CMR) was developed by and initially used by Trimble in 1992. The format was developed as a method of transmitting code and carrier phase correction data in a compact format from GPS base stations to GPS rovers for RTK GPS surveying. Dr. Nicholas Talbot of Trimble publicly introduced the CMR format at the 1996 Institute of Navigation (ION) Conference.


Notes


References