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== Fleet Management & Vehicle Tracking == | == Fleet Management & Vehicle Tracking == | ||
GNSS is being used or the tracking and tracing of goods, vehicle scheduling and control and improved “just-in-time” delivery processes. Modern economies performance are very | |||
closely linked to the performance of their freight and fleet management systems. The free movement of goods relies heavily on road transport and the efficiency and effectiveness of road-based distribution has a major impact on transport systems <ref>[http://www.galileoic.org/la/files/Road.pdf Galileo Application Sheet - Road Applications], ESA and European Commission, October 2002</ref>. | |||
GNSS-based fleet management systems are used to locate vehicles (e.g. trucks, buses, police cars, taxis) in order to optimize resource management, reduce travel time, increase security and reduce fuel consumption. In 2009 the number of vehicles equipped with fleet management and vehicle tracking systems was 6 million in North America and roughly 5 million in the European Union<ref name="Market_Report">[http://www.gsa.europa.eu/files/dmfile/GSAGNSSMarketreportIssue1.pdf GSA GNSS Market Report – Issue 1], October 2010.</ref>. | |||
Detailed information about Fleet Management & Vehicle Tracking can be found [[Fleet Management and Vehicle Tracking|here]]. | Detailed information about Fleet Management & Vehicle Tracking can be found [[Fleet Management and Vehicle Tracking|here]]. | ||
Revision as of 10:23, 21 July 2011
| Applications | |
|---|---|
| Title | Road Applications |
| Author(s) | Rui Barradas Pereira. |
| Level | Basic |
| Year of Publication | 2011 |
The road sector is a major potential market for GNSS applications. Satellite navigation receivers are now commonly installed in new cars as a key tool for providing new services to people on the move: electronic charging, real-time traffic information, emergency calls, route guidance, fleet management and Advanced Driving Assistance Systems[1].
Satellite navigation will help regulate road use and minimize traffic jams. If all vehicles are fitted with a navigation satellite receiver and a data transmitter, their position can be relayed automatically every few seconds to a central station. This information can then be used in a number of ways to control road usage. It could, for example, be used to charge motorists for using a stretch of road, to restrict access to congested roads, or to inform drivers of congestion and suggest alternative, quieter routes[2].
Overview of Road Applications
The GNSS road market currently accounts for more than 50% of the GNSS market revenue reaching 49 billion € in 2010. The worldwide shipments of GNSS devices in the road sector have reached 84 million units[3].
In this section we detail six of the most common road applications for the GNSS technology.
Car navigation is currently the main application of GNSS. GNSS data combined with electronic maps allow positioning and guidance of the road user[3].
Route guidance using satellite navigation is already a well-established product offered both by car manufacturers and standalone navigation devices. The majority of these systems are based on satellite navigation systems that can be integrated with onboard sensors (odometer and gyros) to compute optimal routes in real-time[1].
Detailed information about Road Navigation can be found here.
Tolling
It is foreseen that traditional ways of road tolling will be substituted by solutions based on positioning by means of GNSS[4]. On the other hand there's the need of implement urban tolling that is usually called Congestion Charge Zone (CCZ) with the aim to avoid urban pollution and urban traffic congestion. The use of GNSS for Electronic Tolling Collection (ETC) has many advantages with respect to other technologies as it allows for a flexible and scalable system with minimum specific roadside infrastructure. This translates directly into a simple and cost efficient system. In fact, the interoperability directive 2004/52/EC adopted by EU in 2004 prescribed the development and deployment of a European Electronic Tolling Service (EETS), recommending the GNSS technology as the one to be adopted[5].
Road and urban tolling based on GNSS implies that the position and trajectory of a vehicle is determined using GNSS in order to decide if the vehicle must be charged or not and to compute the charging value. This must be done along with the determination of an accuracy level and the acquisition/generation of some kind of irrefutable evidences that can prove the amount of applied charges.
Detailed information about Tolling can be found here.
Emergency Services
Detailed information about Emergency Services can be found here.
Traffic Management
Detailed information about Traffic Management can be found here.
Fleet Management & Vehicle Tracking
GNSS is being used or the tracking and tracing of goods, vehicle scheduling and control and improved “just-in-time” delivery processes. Modern economies performance are very closely linked to the performance of their freight and fleet management systems. The free movement of goods relies heavily on road transport and the efficiency and effectiveness of road-based distribution has a major impact on transport systems [6].
GNSS-based fleet management systems are used to locate vehicles (e.g. trucks, buses, police cars, taxis) in order to optimize resource management, reduce travel time, increase security and reduce fuel consumption. In 2009 the number of vehicles equipped with fleet management and vehicle tracking systems was 6 million in North America and roughly 5 million in the European Union[3].
Detailed information about Fleet Management & Vehicle Tracking can be found here.
Enforcement
Detailed information about Enforcement can be found here.
Notes
References
- ^ a b Galileo Application Sheet - Road Applications, ESA and European Commission, October 2002
- ^ ESA Portal - Navigation Applications - Road, ESA, June 2007
- ^ a b c GSA GNSS Market Report – Issue 1, October 2010.
- ^ Simulation tools for the assessment of GNSS based Road Tolling Systems, J Simón, J. Caro, J. Cosmen, GMV
- ^ Directive 2004/52/EC of Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004 on the interoperability of electronic road toll systems in the Community
- ^ Galileo Application Sheet - Road Applications, ESA and European Commission, October 2002