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DGNSS Standards: Difference between revisions
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==Introduction== | ==Introduction== | ||
Unlike other [[GNSS Augmentation]] systems as SBAS or GBAS, DGNSS is not used for civil aviation, but for urban transportation and in offshore areas. Therefore, the standards applying to DGNSS systems are the ones of data transmission standards defined by the Special Committee 104 on DGNSS of the [http://www.rtcm.org/ | Unlike other [[GNSS Augmentation]] systems as SBAS or GBAS, DGNSS is not used for civil aviation, but for urban transportation and in offshore areas. Therefore, the standards applying to DGNSS systems are the ones of data transmission standards defined by the Special Committee 104 on DGNSS of the [http://www.rtcm.org/about.html Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services] (RTCM). Except for RTCM, there exist other proprietary DGPS standards, such as [http://www.trimble.com Trimble] [http://trl.trimble.com/docushare/dsweb/Get/Document-469944/WhitePaper_HeavyHighway_CMRxrev1.pdf Compact Measurement Record] (CMR). | ||
==RTCM Standards== | ==RTCM Standards== | ||
The internationally accepted data transmission standards for DGNSS are defined by RTCM, particularly by its Special Committee SC-104. RTCM SC-104 is a standard that defines the data structure for differential correction information for a variety of differential correction applications. It was developed by the [http://www.rtcm.org/ | The internationally accepted data transmission standards for DGNSS are defined by RTCM, particularly by its Special Committee SC-104. RTCM SC-104 is a standard that defines the data structure for differential correction information for a variety of differential correction applications. It was developed by the [http://www.rtcm.org/about.html Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services] (RTCM) and has become an industry standard for communication of correction information. Note that RTCM is a binary data protocol. | ||
The applicable documents to DGNSS systems are listed in the following table and constitute the current version of the core set of documents to be used for the development of a new DGNSS system. | The applicable documents to DGNSS systems are listed in the following table and constitute the current version of the core set of documents to be used for the development of a new DGNSS system. | ||
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==Other Standards== | ==Other Standards== | ||
The Compact Measurement Record (CMR) was developed by and initially used by [http://www.trimble.com Trimble] in 1992. The format was developed as a method of transmitting code and carrier phase correction data in a compact format from GPS base stations to GPS rovers for [[Real Time Kinematics|RTK]] GPS surveying. Dr. Nicholas Talbot of Trimble publicly introduced the | The Compact Measurement Record (CMR) was developed by and initially used by [http://www.trimble.com Trimble] in 1992. The format was developed as a method of transmitting code and carrier phase correction data in a compact format from GPS base stations to GPS rovers for [[Real Time Kinematics|RTK]] GPS surveying. Dr. Nicholas Talbot of Trimble publicly introduced the CMR format at the 1996 [http://www.ion.org/ Institute of Navigation] (ION) Conference. | ||
==Notes== | ==Notes== | ||
Latest revision as of 15:02, 23 July 2018
| Fundamentals | |
|---|---|
| Title | DGNSS Standards |
| Edited by | GMV |
| Level | Intermediate |
| Year of Publication | 2011 |
The classical DGNSS technique technique is an enhancement to a primary GNSS system, that consists of the determination of the GNSS position for an accurately-surveyed position known as reference station.
Introduction
Unlike other GNSS Augmentation systems as SBAS or GBAS, DGNSS is not used for civil aviation, but for urban transportation and in offshore areas. Therefore, the standards applying to DGNSS systems are the ones of data transmission standards defined by the Special Committee 104 on DGNSS of the Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services (RTCM). Except for RTCM, there exist other proprietary DGPS standards, such as Trimble Compact Measurement Record (CMR).
RTCM Standards
The internationally accepted data transmission standards for DGNSS are defined by RTCM, particularly by its Special Committee SC-104. RTCM SC-104 is a standard that defines the data structure for differential correction information for a variety of differential correction applications. It was developed by the Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services (RTCM) and has become an industry standard for communication of correction information. Note that RTCM is a binary data protocol.
The applicable documents to DGNSS systems are listed in the following table and constitute the current version of the core set of documents to be used for the development of a new DGNSS system.
| Document Item | Reference | Issue | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Recommended Standards for Differential GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems) Service | RTCM 10402.3 | 2.3 | This standard is used around the world for differential satellite navigation systems, both maritime and terrestrial. |
| Differential GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems) Services | RTCM 10403.1 | 3.1 | A more efficient alternative to RTCM 10402.3 |
| Standard for Networked Transport of RTCM via Internet Protocol (Ntrip) | RTCM 10410.0 | 1 | An application-level protocol that supports streaming Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data over the Internet |
| Standard for Differential Navstar GPS Reference Stations and Integrity Monitors (RSIM) | RTCM 10401.2 | 2 | A companion to RTCM 10402.3, this standard addresses the performance requirements for the equipment which broadcasts DGNSS corrections |
The RTCM 10402.3 standards defined the messages for differential correction information. There are 64 types of messages. The message format is a sequence of 30 bits. The messages 1 to 17 are available in older RTCM versions, while messages 18-21 have been added in version 2.3 to made the standard applicable to RTK corrections.
The RTCM 10402.3 DGNSS message types are summarized in the following table:
| Message type identifier | Message Name |
|---|---|
| 1 | Differential GPS Corrections |
| 2 | Delta Differential GPS Corrections |
| 3 | Reference Station Parameters |
| 4 | Surveying |
| 5 | Constellation Health |
| 6 | Null Frame |
| 7 | Beacon Almanacs |
| 8 | Pseudolite Almanacs |
| 9 | Partial Satellite Set Differential Corrections |
| 10 | P-Code Differential Corrections (all) |
| 11 | C/A-Code L1, L2 Delta Corrections |
| 12 | Pseudolite Station Parameters |
| 13 | Ground Transmitter Parameters |
| 14 | Surveying Auxiliary Message |
| 15 | Ionosphere (Troposphere) Message |
| 16 | Special Message |
| 17 | Ephemeris Almanac |
| 18 | Uncorrected Carrier Phase Measurements |
| 19 | Uncorrected Pseudorange Measurements |
| 20 | RTK Carrier Phase Corrections |
| 21 | RTK Pseudorange Corrections |
| 22-58 | Undefined |
| 59 | Proprietary Message |
| 60-63 | geMultipurpose Usa |
The release of RTCM version 3.0 is developed to be more efficient in terms of broadcast bandwidth and also provides higher integrity [1]. Note that Version 3 messages are not compatible with Version 2.x. The new release, Version 3.1, now designated as RTCM Standard 10403.1, incorporates GPS Network Corrections, which enable a mobile receiver to obtain accurate RTK information valid over a large area. In addition, new GPS and GLONASS messages provide orbital parameters to assist in rapid acquisition. A Unicode text message is also provided for the transmission of textual data. Finally, a set of messages are reserved for vendors who want to encapsulate proprietary data in their broadcasts. Unlike Version 2.x, this standard does not include tentative messages. The messages in Version 3 have undergone testing for validity and interoperability, and are considered to be permanent. Since many receivers have been designed and programmed for use with Version 2.x messages, RTCM is maintaining both standards 10402.3 and 10403.1 as "current" standards.
Other Standards
The Compact Measurement Record (CMR) was developed by and initially used by Trimble in 1992. The format was developed as a method of transmitting code and carrier phase correction data in a compact format from GPS base stations to GPS rovers for RTK GPS surveying. Dr. Nicholas Talbot of Trimble publicly introduced the CMR format at the 1996 Institute of Navigation (ION) Conference.
Notes
References
- ^ Lin Minmin (2006). RTCM 3.0 Implementation in Network RTK and Performance Analysis. Msc Thesis, University of Calgary, Dept of Geomatic Engineering.