System Design Details - Revision history

Filipe.Pelica: Included editor logo.

2014-09-18T16:34:21Z

Included editor logo.

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Carlos.Lopez at 11:02, 23 February 2012

2012-02-23T11:02:05Z

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	\|Category=Receivers		\|Category=Receivers
	\|Editors=GMV ~~A.D.~~		\|Editors=GMV
	\|Level=Intermediate		\|Level=Intermediate
	\|YearOfPublication=2011		\|YearOfPublication=2011

Carlos.Lopez at 10:35, 23 February 2012

2012-02-23T10:35:42Z

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	\|Category=Receivers		\|Category=Receivers
	\|~~Title={{PAGENAME}}~~		\|Editors=GMV A.D.
	~~\|Authors~~=GMV
	\|Level=Intermediate		\|Level=Intermediate
	\|YearOfPublication=2011		\|YearOfPublication=2011
	\|~~Logo~~=~~GMV~~		\|Title={{PAGENAME}}
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	In order to process the [[GNSS signal\|L-band signals]] transmitted by the satellites and compute a navigation solution, GNSS receivers can be designed to target different [[GNSS Applications\|applications]], markets, and solutions. From single or multi-frequency, single or multi-constellation, to survey or automotive applications, system design details extend through a broad range of decisions and trade-offs, in order to achieve the target performance.		In order to process the [[GNSS signal\|L-band signals]] transmitted by the satellites and compute a navigation solution, GNSS receivers can be designed to target different [[GNSS Applications\|applications]], markets, and solutions. From single or multi-frequency, single or multi-constellation, to survey or automotive applications, system design details extend through a broad range of decisions and trade-offs, in order to achieve the target performance.

Timo.Kouwenhoven: Text replace - "|Level=Medium" to "|Level=Intermediate"

2011-11-06T07:46:52Z

Text replace - "|Level=Medium" to "|Level=Intermediate"

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Rui.Pereira at 15:11, 12 July 2011

2011-07-12T15:11:30Z

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	==Front End==		==Front End==

	The [[Front End\|front end]] section receives the RF inputs from the antenna, and performs down-conversion, filtering / amplification, and sampling (digitizing) of the captured signals. Typically in a superheterodyne<ref>[[wikipedia:Superheterodyne receiver]]</ref> configuration, the front end converts the analog GNSS signals to digital data streams in an intermediate frequency (IF) spectrum (centered in the MHz range), and finally to a baseband digital signal in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) components.		The [[Front End\|front end]] section receives the RF inputs from the antenna, and performs down-conversion, filtering / amplification, and sampling (digitizing) of the captured signals. Typically in a superheterodyne<ref>[[wikipedia:Superheterodyne receiver\|Superheterodyne receiver in Wikipedia]]</ref> configuration, the front end converts the analog GNSS signals to digital data streams in an intermediate frequency (IF) spectrum (centered in the MHz range), and finally to a baseband digital signal in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) components.

	Additional parameters that affect the front-end are<ref name="Dierendonck">A.J. Van Dierendonck, <i>“Global Positioning System: Theory and Applications”</i>, Volume I, Chapter GPS Receivers, edited by B. Parkinson and J. Spilker Jr, Published by the American Institute of ~~Aeronautcs~~ and Astronautics, Inc.</ref>:		Additional parameters that affect the front-end are<ref name="Dierendonck">A.J. Van Dierendonck, <i>“Global Positioning System: Theory and Applications”</i>, Volume I, Chapter GPS Receivers, edited by B. Parkinson and J. Spilker Jr, Published by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc.</ref>:

	*<b>Local Oscillator (LO)</b>: short-term and long-term stability and phase noise. Although most commercial applications can cope with a low-cost crystal oscillator, other applications such as military may require atomic oscillators (e.g. rubidium).		*<b>Local Oscillator (LO)</b>: short-term and long-term stability and phase noise. Although most commercial applications can cope with a low-cost crystal oscillator, other applications such as military may require atomic oscillators (e.g. rubidium).

Rui.Pereira at 15:07, 31 May 2011

2011-05-31T15:07:00Z

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	==Applications Processing==		==Applications Processing==

	The ~~[[Applications Processing\|~~applications processing block]] extracts observables and navigation data from each channel of the baseband processing block, and combines this information to satisfy the requirements of a given application.		The applications processing block extracts observables and navigation data from each channel of the baseband processing block, and combines this information to satisfy the requirements of a given application.

	The most common raw information provided by a GNSS receiver is Position, Velocity and Timing (PVT) information, but other information may still be used such as computed atmospheric delays, which can be useful for [[:Category:Scientific Applications\|scientific applications]]. Receivers may still process the computed results for specific target applications, such as<ref name="Dierendonck" />:		The most common raw information provided by a GNSS receiver is Position, Velocity and Timing (PVT) information, but other information may still be used such as computed atmospheric delays, which can be useful for [[:Category:Scientific Applications\|scientific applications]]. Receivers may still process the computed results for specific target applications, such as<ref name="Dierendonck" />:
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	This way, the main idea behind the receiver system design is that a given GNSS receiver does not satisfy the requirements for all possible applications, and therefore it is of paramount importance to have the target application requirements in mind when designing a receiver.		This way, the main idea behind the receiver system design is that a given GNSS receiver does not satisfy the requirements for all possible applications, and therefore it is of paramount importance to have the target application requirements in mind when designing a receiver.

	~~Further information on Applications Processing can be found [[Applications Processing\|here]].~~

	==Related articles==		==Related articles==
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	*[[Front End]]		*[[Front End]]
	*[[Baseband Processing]]		*[[Baseband Processing]]
	*[[Applications Processing]]
	*[[Receiver Characteristics]]		*[[Receiver Characteristics]]

Teresa.Ferreira: /* Applications Processing */

2011-04-29T10:57:34Z

Applications Processing

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:57, 29 April 2011
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	This way, the main idea behind the receiver system design is that a given GNSS receiver does not satisfy the requirements for all possible applications, and therefore it is of paramount importance to have the target application requirements in mind when designing a receiver.		This way, the main idea behind the receiver system design is that a given GNSS receiver does not satisfy the requirements for all possible applications, and therefore it is of paramount importance to have the target application requirements in mind when designing a receiver.

	Further information on ~~Application~~ Processing can be found [[~~Application~~ Processing\|here]].		Further information on Applications Processing can be found [[Applications Processing\|here]].

	==Related articles==		==Related articles==

Teresa.Ferreira: /* Applications Processing */

2011-04-29T10:57:04Z

Applications Processing

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:57, 29 April 2011
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	This way, the main idea behind the receiver system design is that a given GNSS receiver does not satisfy the requirements for all possible applications, and therefore it is of paramount importance to have the target application requirements in mind when designing a receiver.		This way, the main idea behind the receiver system design is that a given GNSS receiver does not satisfy the requirements for all possible applications, and therefore it is of paramount importance to have the target application requirements in mind when designing a receiver.

			Further information on Application Processing can be found [[Application Processing\|here]].

	==Related articles==		==Related articles==

Teresa.Ferreira: /* Baseband Processing */

2011-04-29T10:56:34Z

Baseband Processing

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:56, 29 April 2011
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	Depending on the target application, the baseband processing block will also accommodate any dedicated algorithms, e.g. for multipath mitigation. The design of the [[Tracking Loops\|tracking loops]] is far from bearing a single solution, and receivers may use several lock loops and use their information at will: for example, some receivers will aid the DLL with the PLL outputs. In addition, some receivers can be "smart enough" to dynamically change the configuration parameters of the loops, e.g. increase the PLL bandwidth when in high receiver dynamics conditions in order to avoid lock losses.		Depending on the target application, the baseband processing block will also accommodate any dedicated algorithms, e.g. for multipath mitigation. The design of the [[Tracking Loops\|tracking loops]] is far from bearing a single solution, and receivers may use several lock loops and use their information at will: for example, some receivers will aid the DLL with the PLL outputs. In addition, some receivers can be "smart enough" to dynamically change the configuration parameters of the loops, e.g. increase the PLL bandwidth when in high receiver dynamics conditions in order to avoid lock losses.

			Further information on Baseband processing can be found [[Baseband Processing\|here]].

	==Applications Processing==		==Applications Processing==

Teresa.Ferreira: /* Front End */

2011-04-29T10:56:08Z

Front End

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:56, 29 April 2011
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	*<b>Frequency synthesizer</b>: the design of the receiver frequency plan takes into account not only the target GNSS signals and their characteristics, but also sampling frequencies and intermediate frequencies that maximize overall performance (e.g. rejecting down-conversion harmonics, out of band interference and minimizing phase noise impact).		*<b>Frequency synthesizer</b>: the design of the receiver frequency plan takes into account not only the target GNSS signals and their characteristics, but also sampling frequencies and intermediate frequencies that maximize overall performance (e.g. rejecting down-conversion harmonics, out of band interference and minimizing phase noise impact).

			Further information on Front Ends can be found [[Front End\|here]].

	==Baseband Processing==		==Baseband Processing==