SBAS Interoperability - Revision history

Gema.Cueto: Updated SNAS name to BDSBAS

2021-10-01T06:28:32Z

Updated SNAS name to BDSBAS

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:28, 1 October 2021
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	[[File:SBAS Service Areas 2021.PNG\|300px\|SBAS Indicative Service Areas. Source: GSA User Technology Report 2020 <ref>[https://www.euspa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/uploads/technology_report_2020.pdf GSA User Technology Report 2020]</ref> \|thumb]]		[[File:SBAS Service Areas 2021.PNG\|300px\|SBAS Indicative Service Areas. Source: GSA User Technology Report 2020 <ref>[https://www.euspa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/uploads/technology_report_2020.pdf GSA User Technology Report 2020]</ref> \|thumb]]

	From all the [[SBAS Systems\|SBAS systems]] in the world, some are already operational ([[WAAS General Introduction\|WAAS]] in North America, [[MSAS General Introduction\|MSAS]]/QZSS in Japan, [[EGNOS General Introduction\|EGNOS]] in Europe,[[GAGAN]] in India), other are under implementation (SNAS~~/BDSBAS~~ in China, [[SDCM]] in Russia, KASS in South Korea) while others are under feasibility studies, for instance SACCSA, Australian SBAS (SPAN) or SBAS-ASECNA in Africa. As regards the operational SBAS:		From all the [[SBAS Systems\|SBAS systems]] in the world, some are already operational ([[WAAS General Introduction\|WAAS]] in North America, [[MSAS General Introduction\|MSAS]]/QZSS in Japan, [[EGNOS General Introduction\|EGNOS]] in Europe,[[GAGAN]] in India), other are under implementation (BDSBAS (formerly SNAS) in China, [[SDCM]] in Russia, KASS in South Korea) while others are under feasibility studies, for instance SACCSA, Australian SBAS (SPAN) or SBAS-ASECNA in Africa. As regards the operational SBAS:

	*The [[WAAS General Introduction\|Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS)]] was jointly developed by the United States Department of Transportation (DOT) and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), beginning in 1994, to provide performance comparable to category I instrument landing system (ILS) for all aircraft possessing the appropriately certified equipment.<ref name="WAAS WIKI">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide_Area_Augmentation_System Wide Area Augmentation System]</ref> On July 10, 2003, the WAAS signal was activated for safety-of-life aviation, covering 95% of the United States, and portions of Alaska.<ref name="WAAS WIKI"/> At present, WAAS supports en-route, terminal and approach operations down to a full LPV-200 (CAT-I like Approach Capability) for the CONUS, Mexico and Canada.		*The [[WAAS General Introduction\|Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS)]] was jointly developed by the United States Department of Transportation (DOT) and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), beginning in 1994, to provide performance comparable to category I instrument landing system (ILS) for all aircraft possessing the appropriately certified equipment.<ref name="WAAS WIKI">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide_Area_Augmentation_System Wide Area Augmentation System]</ref> On July 10, 2003, the WAAS signal was activated for safety-of-life aviation, covering 95% of the United States, and portions of Alaska.<ref name="WAAS WIKI"/> At present, WAAS supports en-route, terminal and approach operations down to a full LPV-200 (CAT-I like Approach Capability) for the CONUS, Mexico and Canada.

Gema.Cueto: /* SBAS Systems */

2021-09-10T10:22:05Z

SBAS Systems

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:22, 10 September 2021
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	==SBAS Systems==		==SBAS Systems==

	[[File:SBAS Service Areas 2021.~~png~~\|300px\|SBAS Indicative Service Areas. Source: GSA User Technology Report 2020 <ref>[https://www.euspa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/uploads/technology_report_2020.pdf GSA User Technology Report 2020]</ref> \|thumb]]		[[File:SBAS Service Areas 2021.PNG\|300px\|SBAS Indicative Service Areas. Source: GSA User Technology Report 2020 <ref>[https://www.euspa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/uploads/technology_report_2020.pdf GSA User Technology Report 2020]</ref> \|thumb]]

	From all the [[SBAS Systems\|SBAS systems]] in the world, some are already operational ([[WAAS General Introduction\|WAAS]] in North America, [[MSAS General Introduction\|MSAS]]/QZSS in Japan, [[EGNOS General Introduction\|EGNOS]] in Europe,[[GAGAN]] in India), other are under implementation (SNAS/BDSBAS in China, [[SDCM]] in Russia, KASS in South Korea) while others are under feasibility studies, for instance SACCSA, Australian SBAS (SPAN) or SBAS-ASECNA in Africa. As regards the operational SBAS:		From all the [[SBAS Systems\|SBAS systems]] in the world, some are already operational ([[WAAS General Introduction\|WAAS]] in North America, [[MSAS General Introduction\|MSAS]]/QZSS in Japan, [[EGNOS General Introduction\|EGNOS]] in Europe,[[GAGAN]] in India), other are under implementation (SNAS/BDSBAS in China, [[SDCM]] in Russia, KASS in South Korea) while others are under feasibility studies, for instance SACCSA, Australian SBAS (SPAN) or SBAS-ASECNA in Africa. As regards the operational SBAS:

Gema.Cueto at 10:21, 10 September 2021

2021-09-10T10:21:29Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:21, 10 September 2021
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	==SBAS Systems==		==SBAS Systems==

	[[File:~~SBAS_Service_Areas_2021~~.png\|300px\|SBAS Indicative Service Areas. Source: GSA User Technology Report 2020 <ref>[https://www.euspa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/uploads/technology_report_2020.pdf GSA User Technology Report 2020]</ref> \|thumb]]		[[File:SBAS Service Areas 2021.png\|300px\|SBAS Indicative Service Areas. Source: GSA User Technology Report 2020 <ref>[https://www.euspa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/uploads/technology_report_2020.pdf GSA User Technology Report 2020]</ref> \|thumb]]

	From all the [[SBAS Systems\|SBAS systems]] in the world, some are already operational ([[WAAS General Introduction\|WAAS]] in North America, [[MSAS General Introduction\|MSAS]]/QZSS in Japan, [[EGNOS General Introduction\|EGNOS]] in Europe,[[GAGAN]] in India), other are under implementation (SNAS/BDSBAS in China, [[SDCM]] in Russia, KASS in South Korea) while others are under feasibility studies, for instance SACCSA, Australian SBAS (SPAN) or SBAS-ASECNA in Africa. As regards the operational SBAS:		From all the [[SBAS Systems\|SBAS systems]] in the world, some are already operational ([[WAAS General Introduction\|WAAS]] in North America, [[MSAS General Introduction\|MSAS]]/QZSS in Japan, [[EGNOS General Introduction\|EGNOS]] in Europe,[[GAGAN]] in India), other are under implementation (SNAS/BDSBAS in China, [[SDCM]] in Russia, KASS in South Korea) while others are under feasibility studies, for instance SACCSA, Australian SBAS (SPAN) or SBAS-ASECNA in Africa. As regards the operational SBAS:

Gema.Cueto: /* SBAS Systems */

2021-09-10T10:20:48Z

SBAS Systems

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:20, 10 September 2021
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	==SBAS Systems==		==SBAS Systems==

	[[File:~~SBAS_Service_Areas~~.png\|300px\|SBAS Indicative Service Areas. Source: GSA User Technology Report ~~2018~~ <ref>[https://www.~~gsa~~.europa.eu/~~system~~/files/~~reports~~/~~gnss_user_tech_report_2018~~.pdf GSA User Technology Report ~~2018~~]</ref> \|thumb]]		[[File:SBAS_Service_Areas_2021.png\|300px\|SBAS Indicative Service Areas. Source: GSA User Technology Report 2020 <ref>[https://www.euspa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/uploads/technology_report_2020.pdf GSA User Technology Report 2020]</ref> \|thumb]]

	From all the [[SBAS Systems\|SBAS systems]] in the world, some are already operational ([[WAAS General Introduction\|WAAS]] in North America, [[MSAS General Introduction\|MSAS]]/QZSS in Japan, [[EGNOS General Introduction\|EGNOS]] in Europe,[[GAGAN]] in India), other are under implementation (SNAS/BDSBAS in China, [[SDCM]] in Russia, KASS in South Korea) while others are under feasibility studies, for instance SACCSA, Australian SBAS (SPAN) or SBAS-ASECNA in Africa. As regards the operational SBAS:		From all the [[SBAS Systems\|SBAS systems]] in the world, some are already operational ([[WAAS General Introduction\|WAAS]] in North America, [[MSAS General Introduction\|MSAS]]/QZSS in Japan, [[EGNOS General Introduction\|EGNOS]] in Europe,[[GAGAN]] in India), other are under implementation (SNAS/BDSBAS in China, [[SDCM]] in Russia, KASS in South Korea) while others are under feasibility studies, for instance SACCSA, Australian SBAS (SPAN) or SBAS-ASECNA in Africa. As regards the operational SBAS:

Gema.Cueto: /* SBAS Systems */

2020-06-15T13:22:42Z

SBAS Systems

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:22, 15 June 2020
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	[[File:SBAS_Service_Areas.png\|300px\|SBAS Indicative Service Areas. Source: GSA User Technology Report 2018 <ref>[https://www.gsa.europa.eu/system/files/reports/gnss_user_tech_report_2018.pdf GSA User Technology Report 2018]</ref> \|thumb]]		[[File:SBAS_Service_Areas.png\|300px\|SBAS Indicative Service Areas. Source: GSA User Technology Report 2018 <ref>[https://www.gsa.europa.eu/system/files/reports/gnss_user_tech_report_2018.pdf GSA User Technology Report 2018]</ref> \|thumb]]

	From all the [[SBAS Systems\|SBAS systems]] in the world, some are already operational ([[WAAS General Introduction\|WAAS]] in North America, [[MSAS General Introduction\|MSAS]]/QZSS in Japan, [[EGNOS General Introduction\|EGNOS]] in Europe,[[GAGAN]] in India), other are under implementation (SNAS/BDSBAS in China, [[SDCM]] in Russia, KASS in South Korea) while others are under feasibility studies, for instance SACCSA, Australian SBAS (SPAN) or SBAS-ASECNA in Africa.. As regards the operational SBAS:		From all the [[SBAS Systems\|SBAS systems]] in the world, some are already operational ([[WAAS General Introduction\|WAAS]] in North America, [[MSAS General Introduction\|MSAS]]/QZSS in Japan, [[EGNOS General Introduction\|EGNOS]] in Europe,[[GAGAN]] in India), other are under implementation (SNAS/BDSBAS in China, [[SDCM]] in Russia, KASS in South Korea) while others are under feasibility studies, for instance SACCSA, Australian SBAS (SPAN) or SBAS-ASECNA in Africa. As regards the operational SBAS:

	*The [[WAAS General Introduction\|Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS)]] was jointly developed by the United States Department of Transportation (DOT) and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), beginning in 1994, to provide performance comparable to category I instrument landing system (ILS) for all aircraft possessing the appropriately certified equipment.<ref name="WAAS WIKI">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide_Area_Augmentation_System Wide Area Augmentation System]</ref> On July 10, 2003, the WAAS signal was activated for safety-of-life aviation, covering 95% of the United States, and portions of Alaska.<ref name="WAAS WIKI"/> At present, WAAS supports en-route, terminal and approach operations down to a full LPV-200 (CAT-I like Approach Capability) for the CONUS, Mexico and Canada.		*The [[WAAS General Introduction\|Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS)]] was jointly developed by the United States Department of Transportation (DOT) and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), beginning in 1994, to provide performance comparable to category I instrument landing system (ILS) for all aircraft possessing the appropriately certified equipment.<ref name="WAAS WIKI">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide_Area_Augmentation_System Wide Area Augmentation System]</ref> On July 10, 2003, the WAAS signal was activated for safety-of-life aviation, covering 95% of the United States, and portions of Alaska.<ref name="WAAS WIKI"/> At present, WAAS supports en-route, terminal and approach operations down to a full LPV-200 (CAT-I like Approach Capability) for the CONUS, Mexico and Canada.

Gema.Cueto: /* SBAS Systems */

2020-06-15T13:21:51Z

SBAS Systems

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:21, 15 June 2020
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	[[File:SBAS_Service_Areas.png\|300px\|SBAS Indicative Service Areas. Source: GSA User Technology Report 2018 <ref>[https://www.gsa.europa.eu/system/files/reports/gnss_user_tech_report_2018.pdf GSA User Technology Report 2018]</ref> \|thumb]]		[[File:SBAS_Service_Areas.png\|300px\|SBAS Indicative Service Areas. Source: GSA User Technology Report 2018 <ref>[https://www.gsa.europa.eu/system/files/reports/gnss_user_tech_report_2018.pdf GSA User Technology Report 2018]</ref> \|thumb]]

	From all the [[SBAS Systems\|SBAS systems]] in the world, some are already operational ([[WAAS General Introduction\|WAAS]] in North America, [[MSAS General Introduction\|MSAS]]/QZSS in Japan, [[EGNOS General Introduction\|EGNOS]] in Europe,[[GAGAN]] in India), other are under implementation (SNAS/BDSBAS in China, [[SDCM]]in Russia, KASS in South Korea) while others are under feasibility studies, for instance SACCSA, Australian SBAS (SPAN) or SBAS-ASECNA in Africa.. As regards the operational SBAS:		From all the [[SBAS Systems\|SBAS systems]] in the world, some are already operational ([[WAAS General Introduction\|WAAS]] in North America, [[MSAS General Introduction\|MSAS]]/QZSS in Japan, [[EGNOS General Introduction\|EGNOS]] in Europe,[[GAGAN]] in India), other are under implementation (SNAS/BDSBAS in China, [[SDCM]] in Russia, KASS in South Korea) while others are under feasibility studies, for instance SACCSA, Australian SBAS (SPAN) or SBAS-ASECNA in Africa.. As regards the operational SBAS:

	*The [[WAAS General Introduction\|Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS)]] was jointly developed by the United States Department of Transportation (DOT) and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), beginning in 1994, to provide performance comparable to category I instrument landing system (ILS) for all aircraft possessing the appropriately certified equipment.<ref name="WAAS WIKI">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide_Area_Augmentation_System Wide Area Augmentation System]</ref> On July 10, 2003, the WAAS signal was activated for safety-of-life aviation, covering 95% of the United States, and portions of Alaska.<ref name="WAAS WIKI"/> At present, WAAS supports en-route, terminal and approach operations down to a full LPV-200 (CAT-I like Approach Capability) for the CONUS, Mexico and Canada.		*The [[WAAS General Introduction\|Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS)]] was jointly developed by the United States Department of Transportation (DOT) and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), beginning in 1994, to provide performance comparable to category I instrument landing system (ILS) for all aircraft possessing the appropriately certified equipment.<ref name="WAAS WIKI">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide_Area_Augmentation_System Wide Area Augmentation System]</ref> On July 10, 2003, the WAAS signal was activated for safety-of-life aviation, covering 95% of the United States, and portions of Alaska.<ref name="WAAS WIKI"/> At present, WAAS supports en-route, terminal and approach operations down to a full LPV-200 (CAT-I like Approach Capability) for the CONUS, Mexico and Canada.

Gema.Cueto at 13:21, 15 June 2020

2020-06-15T13:21:01Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:21, 15 June 2020
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	\|Title={{PAGENAME}}		\|Title={{PAGENAME}}
	}}		}}
	In addition to EGNOS, there are other Satellite Based Augmentation Systems (SBAS) developed or under development, such as the [[WAAS General Introduction\|Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS)]] in USA, he multi-functional transport satellite (MTSAT) [[MSAS Space Segment\|satellite-based augmentation system (MSAS)]], in Japan or the [[GAGAN\|GAGAN system]] in India, [[Other SBAS\|KASS]] in Korea, [[Other SBAS\|SBAS ASECNA]] in Africa, [[SDCM\|the System for Differential Corrections (SDCM)]] in Russia or the Australian SBAS test system (SPAN). Although all SBAS are currently defined as regional systems, it is commonly recognized the need to establish adequate co-operation/co-ordination among the different systems, so that their implementation becomes more effective and part of a seamless world-wide navigation system.<ref name=" The European EGNOS Project: Mission, Program and System Description">The European EGNOS Project: Mission, Program and System Description; J.Ventura-Traveset, L. Gauthier, F. Toran and P.Michel, ESA EGNOS Project office, European Space Agency (ESA); G. Solari and F. Salabert, Galileo Joint Undertaking (GJU); D. Flament, J. Auroy and D. Beaugnon, Alcatel Alenia Space </ref>		In addition to EGNOS, there are other Satellite Based Augmentation Systems (SBAS) developed or under development, such as the [[WAAS General Introduction\|Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS)]] in USA, the multi-functional transport satellite (MTSAT) [[MSAS Space Segment\|satellite-based augmentation system (MSAS)]], in Japan or the [[GAGAN\|GAGAN system]] in India, [[Other SBAS\|KASS]] in Korea, [[Other SBAS\|SBAS ASECNA]] in Africa, [[SDCM\|the System for Differential Corrections (SDCM)]] in Russia or the Australian SBAS test system (SPAN). Although all SBAS are currently defined as regional systems, it is commonly recognized the need to establish adequate co-operation/co-ordination among the different systems, so that their implementation becomes more effective and part of a seamless world-wide navigation system.<ref name=" The European EGNOS Project: Mission, Program and System Description">The European EGNOS Project: Mission, Program and System Description; J.Ventura-Traveset, L. Gauthier, F. Toran and P.Michel, ESA EGNOS Project office, European Space Agency (ESA); G. Solari and F. Salabert, Galileo Joint Undertaking (GJU); D. Flament, J. Auroy and D. Beaugnon, Alcatel Alenia Space </ref>

	To guarantee seamless and worldwide system provision, it is essential that the existing systems do meet common [[SBAS Standards\|standards]] and interoperability requirements. SBAS service providers are regularly meeting through the so called ''interoperability working group (IWG)'' to conclude on a precise understanding of the term interoperability, and on the identification of the necessary interfaces among SBAS that each conceivable interoperability scenarios may imply. Nowadays, IWG discussions focus on SBAS dual-frequency multi-constellation (DFMC) standards, civil aviation/maritime region applications, minimum operating standards (MOPS), and the Concept of Operations (CONOPS).<ref name=" BeiDou Navigation Satellite System ">[http://en.beidou.gov.cn/WHATSNEWS/201806/t20180615_15039.html 33rd IWG meeting]</ref>		To guarantee seamless and worldwide system provision, it is essential that the existing systems do meet common [[SBAS Standards\|standards]] and interoperability requirements. SBAS service providers are regularly meeting through the so called ''interoperability working group (IWG)'' to conclude on a precise understanding of the term interoperability, and on the identification of the necessary interfaces among SBAS that each conceivable interoperability scenarios may imply. Nowadays, IWG discussions focus on SBAS dual-frequency multi-constellation (DFMC) standards, civil aviation/maritime region applications, minimum operating standards (MOPS), and the Concept of Operations (CONOPS).<ref name=" BeiDou Navigation Satellite System ">[http://en.beidou.gov.cn/WHATSNEWS/201806/t20180615_15039.html 33rd IWG meeting]</ref>

Gema.Cueto: /* SBAS System Cooperation */

2020-06-15T11:17:47Z

SBAS System Cooperation

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:17, 15 June 2020
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	==SBAS System Cooperation==		==SBAS System Cooperation==

	SBAS Interoperability refers to the ability of SBAS systems and the services they provide to be used together to provide better capabilities at the user level than those achieved by relying solely on one of the systems. The SBAS interoperability has always been a prerequisite for delivering a global seamless Safety-of-Life service.~~<ref name=" EEGS Newsletter">[http://www.eegs-project.eu EEGS Newsletter-September 2010]</ref>~~		SBAS Interoperability refers to the ability of SBAS systems and the services they provide to be used together to provide better capabilities at the user level than those achieved by relying solely on one of the systems. The SBAS interoperability has always been a prerequisite for delivering a global seamless Safety-of-Life service.

	Although all SBAS are regional systems, it is commonly recognised the need to establish adequate co-operation/coordination among SBAS providers so that their implementation becomes more effective and part of a seamless world-wide navigation system. SBAS co-operation is currently ~~co-ordinated~~ through the so-called Interoperability Working Groups		Although all SBAS are regional systems, it is commonly recognised the need to establish adequate co-operation/coordination among SBAS providers so that their implementation becomes more effective and part of a seamless world-wide navigation system. SBAS co-operation is currently coordinated through the so-called Interoperability Working Groups
	(IWG). Although interoperability implies a large variety of complex issues (such as certification, standards, safety, operations,…), EGNOS, WAAS~~, CWAAS~~ and MSAS SBAS providers agreed on the following list of objectives concerning technical interoperability and co-operation among SBAS:<ref name=" EGNO-MSAS Interoperability">[http://www.egnos-pro.esa.int/Publications/GNSS%201999/GNSS99_MSAS.pdf Interoperability Test Analysis between EGNOS and MSAS SBAS Systems; Jorge Nieto, Joaquin Cosmen, Ignacio García, GMV, S.A.; Javier Ventura-Traveset, Isabel Neto, European Space Agency (ESA); Bernd Tiemeyer, Nicolas Bondarenco, Eurocontrol Experimental Centre; Kazuaki Hoshinoo, ENRI Institute, Japan] </ref>		(IWG). Although interoperability implies a large variety of complex issues (such as certification, standards, safety, operations,…), EGNOS, WAAS and MSAS SBAS providers among others agreed on the following list of objectives concerning technical interoperability and co-operation among SBAS:<ref name=" EGNO-MSAS Interoperability">[http://www.egnos-pro.esa.int/Publications/GNSS%201999/GNSS99_MSAS.pdf Interoperability Test Analysis between EGNOS and MSAS SBAS Systems; Jorge Nieto, Joaquin Cosmen, Ignacio García, GMV, S.A.; Javier Ventura-Traveset, Isabel Neto, European Space Agency (ESA); Bernd Tiemeyer, Nicolas Bondarenco, Eurocontrol Experimental Centre; Kazuaki Hoshinoo, ENRI Institute, Japan] </ref>
	*Objective 1 – Validate SBAS Performance consistency and SARPs compliance.		*Objective 1 – Validate SBAS Performance consistency and SARPs compliance.
	*Objective 2 – Improve the service level available in the regions outside the nominal SBAS service volumes.		*Objective 2 – Improve the service level available in the regions outside the nominal SBAS service volumes.
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	*Objective 5 – Identify possible future improvements.		*Objective 5 – Identify possible future improvements.

	SBAS interoperability studies and discussions are currently been ~~focussed~~ on two main set of topics:		SBAS interoperability studies and discussions are currently been focused on two main set of topics:
	*Interoperability issues concerning existing SBAS systems, in particular transition issues as observed by users crossing two SBAS service areas (GEO selection mechanism, activation of GEO ranging, etc).		*Interoperability issues concerning existing SBAS systems, in particular transition issues as observed by users crossing two SBAS service areas (GEO selection mechanism, activation of GEO ranging, etc).
	*Interoperability issues for future SBAS evolutions:		*Interoperability issues for future SBAS evolutions:

Gema.Cueto: /* SBAS Systems */

2020-06-15T11:15:22Z

SBAS Systems

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	[[File:SBAS_Service_Areas.png\|300px\|SBAS Indicative Service Areas. Source: GSA User Technology Report 2018 <ref>[https://www.gsa.europa.eu/system/files/reports/gnss_user_tech_report_2018.pdf GSA User Technology Report 2018]</ref> \|thumb]]		[[File:SBAS_Service_Areas.png\|300px\|SBAS Indicative Service Areas. Source: GSA User Technology Report 2018 <ref>[https://www.gsa.europa.eu/system/files/reports/gnss_user_tech_report_2018.pdf GSA User Technology Report 2018]</ref> \|thumb]]

	From all the [[SBAS Systems\|SBAS systems]] in the world, some are already operational ([[WAAS General Introduction\|WAAS]], [[MSAS General Introduction\|MSAS]], [[EGNOS General Introduction\|EGNOS]],[[GAGAN]]), other are under implementation (SNAS, [[SDCM]] ~~and~~ South Korea) while others are under feasibility studies, for instance SACCSA, Australian SBAS or SBAS-ASECNA in Africa.. As regards the operational SBAS:		From all the [[SBAS Systems\|SBAS systems]] in the world, some are already operational ([[WAAS General Introduction\|WAAS]] in North America, [[MSAS General Introduction\|MSAS]]/QZSS in Japan, [[EGNOS General Introduction\|EGNOS]] in Europe,[[GAGAN]] in India), other are under implementation (SNAS/BDSBAS in China, [[SDCM]]in Russia, KASS in South Korea) while others are under feasibility studies, for instance SACCSA, Australian SBAS (SPAN) or SBAS-ASECNA in Africa.. As regards the operational SBAS:

	*The [[WAAS General Introduction\|Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS)]] was jointly developed by the United States Department of Transportation (DOT) and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), beginning in 1994, to provide performance comparable to category I instrument landing system (ILS) for all aircraft possessing the appropriately certified equipment.<ref name="WAAS WIKI">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide_Area_Augmentation_System Wide Area Augmentation System]</ref> On July 10, 2003, the WAAS signal was activated for safety-of-life aviation, covering 95% of the United States, and portions of Alaska.<ref name="WAAS WIKI"/> At present, WAAS supports en-route, terminal and approach operations down to a full LPV-200 (CAT-I like Approach Capability) for the CONUS, Mexico and Canada.		*The [[WAAS General Introduction\|Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS)]] was jointly developed by the United States Department of Transportation (DOT) and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), beginning in 1994, to provide performance comparable to category I instrument landing system (ILS) for all aircraft possessing the appropriately certified equipment.<ref name="WAAS WIKI">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide_Area_Augmentation_System Wide Area Augmentation System]</ref> On July 10, 2003, the WAAS signal was activated for safety-of-life aviation, covering 95% of the United States, and portions of Alaska.<ref name="WAAS WIKI"/> At present, WAAS supports en-route, terminal and approach operations down to a full LPV-200 (CAT-I like Approach Capability) for the CONUS, Mexico and Canada.
	*The [[MSAS General Introduction\|Multi-functional Satellite Augmentation System (MSAS)]] is the Japanese SBAS. NEC manufactured and delivered MSAS under contract with the Civil Aviation Bureau, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. MSAS is operational since 2007 supporting en-route, terminal and non-precision approach operations.		*The [[MSAS General Introduction\|Multi-functional Satellite Augmentation System (MSAS)]] is the Japanese SBAS. NEC manufactured and delivered MSAS under contract with the Civil Aviation Bureau, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. MSAS is operational since 2007 supporting en-route, terminal and non-precision approach operations. MSAS evolutions will take advantage in the short term of the Quasi Zenith Satellite System deployed by Japan to broadcast radio signals from high elevation angle into urban canyons.
	*[[EGNOS General Introduction\|EGNOS]] is the European satellite-based augmentation service (SBAS) that complements the existing satellite navigation services provided by the US [[GPS General Introduction\|Global Positioning System]] (GPS). EGNOS provides the first European GNSS services to users. The [[EGNOS Safety of Life Service\|Safety of Life Service]] (SoL), which provides the most stringent level of signal-in-space performance to all communities of Safety of Life users over Europe, was officially started on 2 March 2011.		*[[EGNOS General Introduction\|EGNOS]] is the European satellite-based augmentation service (SBAS) that complements the existing satellite navigation services provided by the US [[GPS General Introduction\|Global Positioning System]] (GPS). EGNOS provides the first European GNSS services to users. The [[EGNOS Safety of Life Service\|Safety of Life Service]] (SoL), which provides the most stringent level of signal-in-space performance to all communities of Safety of Life users over Europe, was officially started on 2 March 2011.EGNOS V3 will provide augmentation to both GPS and Galileo in L1/E1 and L5/E5a signals.
	* The [[GAGAN\|GPS Aided Geo Augmented Navigation System (GAGAN)]] is the SBAS implementation by the Indian government. The project has established 15 Indian reference stations, 3 Indian navigation load uplink stations and 3 Indian mission control centres, in order to navigate in the Indian airspace by an accuracy of 3m. On 30th December 2012, the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA), India provisionally certified the GAGAN system to RNP0.1 (Required Navigation Performance, 0.1 Nautical Mile) service level. The certification enabled aircraft fitted with SBAS equipment to use GAGAN signal in space for navigation purposes. Testing and validation of these procedures were finished in 2016.		* The [[GAGAN\|GPS Aided Geo Augmented Navigation System (GAGAN)]] is the SBAS implementation by the Indian government. The project has established 15 Indian reference stations, 3 Indian navigation load uplink stations and 3 Indian mission control centres, in order to navigate in the Indian airspace by an accuracy of 3m. On 30th December 2012, the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA), India provisionally certified the GAGAN system to RNP0.1 (Required Navigation Performance, 0.1 Nautical Mile) service level. The certification enabled aircraft fitted with SBAS equipment to use GAGAN signal in space for navigation purposes. Testing and validation of these procedures were finished in 2016.
	The new civil signals suitable for aviation both in GPS and Galileo, offers great number of dual frequency ranging measurements. Because of that, the Satellite Augmentation Systems can also be updated to exploit these new signals and be available for multi-constellation performances. Such updates offer a variety of improvements over existing single frequency systems. These dual frequency systems are fully robust against ionospheric disturbances. Furthermore, they offer improve resistance against interference as operations can proceed when aircraft lose access to one frequency or the other. However, the largest benefit to a user taking advantage of both frequencies is that their availability can extend much farther away from the reference station network, in addition to the eliminated ionospheric ~~behaviour~~, allow this increase in coverage.		The new civil signals suitable for aviation both in GPS and Galileo, offers great number of dual frequency ranging measurements. Because of that, the Satellite Augmentation Systems can also be updated to exploit these new signals and be available for multi-constellation performances. Such updates offer a variety of improvements over existing single frequency systems. These dual frequency systems are fully robust against ionospheric disturbances. Furthermore, they offer improve resistance against interference as operations can proceed when aircraft lose access to one frequency or the other. However, the largest benefit to a user taking advantage of both frequencies is that their availability can extend much farther away from the reference station network, in addition to the eliminated ionospheric behavior, allow this increase in coverage.
	An SBAS utilizes a network of precisely surveyed reference receivers, located throughout its coverage region. The information gathered from these reference stations monitors the GNSS satellites and their propagation in real-time. Availability of SBAS service is a function of two quantities: the arrangement of the pseudorange measurements used to determine the user`s position, referred to as geometry; and the quality of each individual measurement. Referred to as confidence bound. Although very small confidence bounds can make up for poor geometries, and strong geometries can overcome large confidence bounds, both values are generally required it be good to obtain high availability. <ref name="Coverage Improvement for Dual Frequency SBAS” T. Walter, J. Blanch and P. Enge.">[https://web.stanford.edu/group/scpnt/gpslab/pubs/papers/Walter_IONITM_2010.pdf Coverage Improvement for Dual Frequency SBAS” T. Walter, J. Blanch and P. Enge.]</ref>		An SBAS utilizes a network of precisely surveyed reference receivers, located throughout its coverage region. The information gathered from these reference stations monitors the GNSS satellites and their propagation in real-time. Availability of SBAS service is a function of two quantities: the arrangement of the pseudorange measurements used to determine the user`s position, referred to as geometry; and the quality of each individual measurement. Referred to as confidence bound. Although very small confidence bounds can make up for poor geometries, and strong geometries can overcome large confidence bounds, both values are generally required it be good to obtain high availability. <ref name="Coverage Improvement for Dual Frequency SBAS” T. Walter, J. Blanch and P. Enge.">[https://web.stanford.edu/group/scpnt/gpslab/pubs/papers/Walter_IONITM_2010.pdf Coverage Improvement for Dual Frequency SBAS” T. Walter, J. Blanch and P. Enge.]</ref>

Gema.Cueto: /* SBAS Systems */

2020-06-15T10:59:09Z

SBAS Systems

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	==SBAS Systems==		==SBAS Systems==

	[[File:~~SBAS_Interoperability2~~.~~JPG~~\| SBAS ~~Interoperability \|300px~~\|thumb~~\|right~~]]		[[File:SBAS_Service_Areas.png\|300px\|SBAS Indicative Service Areas. Source: GSA User Technology Report 2018 <ref>[https://www.gsa.europa.eu/system/files/reports/gnss_user_tech_report_2018.pdf GSA User Technology Report 2018]</ref> \|thumb]]

	From all the [[SBAS Systems\|SBAS systems]] in the world, some are already operational ([[WAAS General Introduction\|WAAS]], [[MSAS General Introduction\|MSAS]], [[EGNOS General Introduction\|EGNOS]],[[GAGAN]]), other are under implementation (SNAS, [[SDCM]] and South Korea) while others are under feasibility studies, for instance SACCSA, Australian SBAS or SBAS-ASECNA in Africa.. As regards the operational SBAS:		From all the [[SBAS Systems\|SBAS systems]] in the world, some are already operational ([[WAAS General Introduction\|WAAS]], [[MSAS General Introduction\|MSAS]], [[EGNOS General Introduction\|EGNOS]],[[GAGAN]]), other are under implementation (SNAS, [[SDCM]] and South Korea) while others are under feasibility studies, for instance SACCSA, Australian SBAS or SBAS-ASECNA in Africa.. As regards the operational SBAS:

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	[[File:SBAS Service Areas 2021.PNG\|300px\|SBAS Indicative Service Areas. Source: GSA User Technology Report 2020 <ref>[https://www.euspa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/uploads/technology_report_2020.pdf GSA User Technology Report 2020]</ref> \|thumb]]		[[File:SBAS Service Areas 2021.PNG\|300px\|SBAS Indicative Service Areas. Source: GSA User Technology Report 2020 <ref>[https://www.euspa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/uploads/technology_report_2020.pdf GSA User Technology Report 2020]</ref> \|thumb]]

	From all the [[SBAS Systems\|SBAS systems]] in the world, some are already operational ([[WAAS General Introduction\|WAAS]] in North America, [[MSAS General Introduction\|MSAS]]/QZSS in Japan, [[EGNOS General Introduction\|EGNOS]] in Europe,[[GAGAN]] in India), other are under implementation (SNAS~~/BDSBAS~~ in China, [[SDCM]] in Russia, KASS in South Korea) while others are under feasibility studies, for instance SACCSA, Australian SBAS (SPAN) or SBAS-ASECNA in Africa. As regards the operational SBAS:		From all the [[SBAS Systems\|SBAS systems]] in the world, some are already operational ([[WAAS General Introduction\|WAAS]] in North America, [[MSAS General Introduction\|MSAS]]/QZSS in Japan, [[EGNOS General Introduction\|EGNOS]] in Europe,[[GAGAN]] in India), other are under implementation (BDSBAS (formerly SNAS) in China, [[SDCM]] in Russia, KASS in South Korea) while others are under feasibility studies, for instance SACCSA, Australian SBAS (SPAN) or SBAS-ASECNA in Africa. As regards the operational SBAS:

	*The [[WAAS General Introduction\|Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS)]] was jointly developed by the United States Department of Transportation (DOT) and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), beginning in 1994, to provide performance comparable to category I instrument landing system (ILS) for all aircraft possessing the appropriately certified equipment.<ref name="WAAS WIKI">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide_Area_Augmentation_System Wide Area Augmentation System]</ref> On July 10, 2003, the WAAS signal was activated for safety-of-life aviation, covering 95% of the United States, and portions of Alaska.<ref name="WAAS WIKI"/> At present, WAAS supports en-route, terminal and approach operations down to a full LPV-200 (CAT-I like Approach Capability) for the CONUS, Mexico and Canada.		*The [[WAAS General Introduction\|Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS)]] was jointly developed by the United States Department of Transportation (DOT) and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), beginning in 1994, to provide performance comparable to category I instrument landing system (ILS) for all aircraft possessing the appropriately certified equipment.<ref name="WAAS WIKI">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide_Area_Augmentation_System Wide Area Augmentation System]</ref> On July 10, 2003, the WAAS signal was activated for safety-of-life aviation, covering 95% of the United States, and portions of Alaska.<ref name="WAAS WIKI"/> At present, WAAS supports en-route, terminal and approach operations down to a full LPV-200 (CAT-I like Approach Capability) for the CONUS, Mexico and Canada.

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:22, 15 June 2020
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	[[File:SBAS_Service_Areas.png\|300px\|SBAS Indicative Service Areas. Source: GSA User Technology Report 2018 <ref>[https://www.gsa.europa.eu/system/files/reports/gnss_user_tech_report_2018.pdf GSA User Technology Report 2018]</ref> \|thumb]]		[[File:SBAS_Service_Areas.png\|300px\|SBAS Indicative Service Areas. Source: GSA User Technology Report 2018 <ref>[https://www.gsa.europa.eu/system/files/reports/gnss_user_tech_report_2018.pdf GSA User Technology Report 2018]</ref> \|thumb]]

	From all the [[SBAS Systems\|SBAS systems]] in the world, some are already operational ([[WAAS General Introduction\|WAAS]] in North America, [[MSAS General Introduction\|MSAS]]/QZSS in Japan, [[EGNOS General Introduction\|EGNOS]] in Europe,[[GAGAN]] in India), other are under implementation (SNAS/BDSBAS in China, [[SDCM]] in Russia, KASS in South Korea) while others are under feasibility studies, for instance SACCSA, Australian SBAS (SPAN) or SBAS-ASECNA in Africa.. As regards the operational SBAS:		From all the [[SBAS Systems\|SBAS systems]] in the world, some are already operational ([[WAAS General Introduction\|WAAS]] in North America, [[MSAS General Introduction\|MSAS]]/QZSS in Japan, [[EGNOS General Introduction\|EGNOS]] in Europe,[[GAGAN]] in India), other are under implementation (SNAS/BDSBAS in China, [[SDCM]] in Russia, KASS in South Korea) while others are under feasibility studies, for instance SACCSA, Australian SBAS (SPAN) or SBAS-ASECNA in Africa. As regards the operational SBAS:

	*The [[WAAS General Introduction\|Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS)]] was jointly developed by the United States Department of Transportation (DOT) and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), beginning in 1994, to provide performance comparable to category I instrument landing system (ILS) for all aircraft possessing the appropriately certified equipment.<ref name="WAAS WIKI">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide_Area_Augmentation_System Wide Area Augmentation System]</ref> On July 10, 2003, the WAAS signal was activated for safety-of-life aviation, covering 95% of the United States, and portions of Alaska.<ref name="WAAS WIKI"/> At present, WAAS supports en-route, terminal and approach operations down to a full LPV-200 (CAT-I like Approach Capability) for the CONUS, Mexico and Canada.		*The [[WAAS General Introduction\|Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS)]] was jointly developed by the United States Department of Transportation (DOT) and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), beginning in 1994, to provide performance comparable to category I instrument landing system (ILS) for all aircraft possessing the appropriately certified equipment.<ref name="WAAS WIKI">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide_Area_Augmentation_System Wide Area Augmentation System]</ref> On July 10, 2003, the WAAS signal was activated for safety-of-life aviation, covering 95% of the United States, and portions of Alaska.<ref name="WAAS WIKI"/> At present, WAAS supports en-route, terminal and approach operations down to a full LPV-200 (CAT-I like Approach Capability) for the CONUS, Mexico and Canada.

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:21, 15 June 2020
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	[[File:SBAS_Service_Areas.png\|300px\|SBAS Indicative Service Areas. Source: GSA User Technology Report 2018 <ref>[https://www.gsa.europa.eu/system/files/reports/gnss_user_tech_report_2018.pdf GSA User Technology Report 2018]</ref> \|thumb]]		[[File:SBAS_Service_Areas.png\|300px\|SBAS Indicative Service Areas. Source: GSA User Technology Report 2018 <ref>[https://www.gsa.europa.eu/system/files/reports/gnss_user_tech_report_2018.pdf GSA User Technology Report 2018]</ref> \|thumb]]

	From all the [[SBAS Systems\|SBAS systems]] in the world, some are already operational ([[WAAS General Introduction\|WAAS]] in North America, [[MSAS General Introduction\|MSAS]]/QZSS in Japan, [[EGNOS General Introduction\|EGNOS]] in Europe,[[GAGAN]] in India), other are under implementation (SNAS/BDSBAS in China, [[SDCM]]in Russia, KASS in South Korea) while others are under feasibility studies, for instance SACCSA, Australian SBAS (SPAN) or SBAS-ASECNA in Africa.. As regards the operational SBAS:		From all the [[SBAS Systems\|SBAS systems]] in the world, some are already operational ([[WAAS General Introduction\|WAAS]] in North America, [[MSAS General Introduction\|MSAS]]/QZSS in Japan, [[EGNOS General Introduction\|EGNOS]] in Europe,[[GAGAN]] in India), other are under implementation (SNAS/BDSBAS in China, [[SDCM]] in Russia, KASS in South Korea) while others are under feasibility studies, for instance SACCSA, Australian SBAS (SPAN) or SBAS-ASECNA in Africa.. As regards the operational SBAS:

	*The [[WAAS General Introduction\|Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS)]] was jointly developed by the United States Department of Transportation (DOT) and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), beginning in 1994, to provide performance comparable to category I instrument landing system (ILS) for all aircraft possessing the appropriately certified equipment.<ref name="WAAS WIKI">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide_Area_Augmentation_System Wide Area Augmentation System]</ref> On July 10, 2003, the WAAS signal was activated for safety-of-life aviation, covering 95% of the United States, and portions of Alaska.<ref name="WAAS WIKI"/> At present, WAAS supports en-route, terminal and approach operations down to a full LPV-200 (CAT-I like Approach Capability) for the CONUS, Mexico and Canada.		*The [[WAAS General Introduction\|Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS)]] was jointly developed by the United States Department of Transportation (DOT) and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), beginning in 1994, to provide performance comparable to category I instrument landing system (ILS) for all aircraft possessing the appropriately certified equipment.<ref name="WAAS WIKI">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide_Area_Augmentation_System Wide Area Augmentation System]</ref> On July 10, 2003, the WAAS signal was activated for safety-of-life aviation, covering 95% of the United States, and portions of Alaska.<ref name="WAAS WIKI"/> At present, WAAS supports en-route, terminal and approach operations down to a full LPV-200 (CAT-I like Approach Capability) for the CONUS, Mexico and Canada.

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:15, 15 June 2020
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	[[File:SBAS_Service_Areas.png\|300px\|SBAS Indicative Service Areas. Source: GSA User Technology Report 2018 <ref>[https://www.gsa.europa.eu/system/files/reports/gnss_user_tech_report_2018.pdf GSA User Technology Report 2018]</ref> \|thumb]]		[[File:SBAS_Service_Areas.png\|300px\|SBAS Indicative Service Areas. Source: GSA User Technology Report 2018 <ref>[https://www.gsa.europa.eu/system/files/reports/gnss_user_tech_report_2018.pdf GSA User Technology Report 2018]</ref> \|thumb]]

	From all the [[SBAS Systems\|SBAS systems]] in the world, some are already operational ([[WAAS General Introduction\|WAAS]], [[MSAS General Introduction\|MSAS]], [[EGNOS General Introduction\|EGNOS]],[[GAGAN]]), other are under implementation (SNAS, [[SDCM]] ~~and~~ South Korea) while others are under feasibility studies, for instance SACCSA, Australian SBAS or SBAS-ASECNA in Africa.. As regards the operational SBAS:		From all the [[SBAS Systems\|SBAS systems]] in the world, some are already operational ([[WAAS General Introduction\|WAAS]] in North America, [[MSAS General Introduction\|MSAS]]/QZSS in Japan, [[EGNOS General Introduction\|EGNOS]] in Europe,[[GAGAN]] in India), other are under implementation (SNAS/BDSBAS in China, [[SDCM]]in Russia, KASS in South Korea) while others are under feasibility studies, for instance SACCSA, Australian SBAS (SPAN) or SBAS-ASECNA in Africa.. As regards the operational SBAS:

	*The [[WAAS General Introduction\|Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS)]] was jointly developed by the United States Department of Transportation (DOT) and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), beginning in 1994, to provide performance comparable to category I instrument landing system (ILS) for all aircraft possessing the appropriately certified equipment.<ref name="WAAS WIKI">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide_Area_Augmentation_System Wide Area Augmentation System]</ref> On July 10, 2003, the WAAS signal was activated for safety-of-life aviation, covering 95% of the United States, and portions of Alaska.<ref name="WAAS WIKI"/> At present, WAAS supports en-route, terminal and approach operations down to a full LPV-200 (CAT-I like Approach Capability) for the CONUS, Mexico and Canada.		*The [[WAAS General Introduction\|Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS)]] was jointly developed by the United States Department of Transportation (DOT) and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), beginning in 1994, to provide performance comparable to category I instrument landing system (ILS) for all aircraft possessing the appropriately certified equipment.<ref name="WAAS WIKI">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide_Area_Augmentation_System Wide Area Augmentation System]</ref> On July 10, 2003, the WAAS signal was activated for safety-of-life aviation, covering 95% of the United States, and portions of Alaska.<ref name="WAAS WIKI"/> At present, WAAS supports en-route, terminal and approach operations down to a full LPV-200 (CAT-I like Approach Capability) for the CONUS, Mexico and Canada.
	*The [[MSAS General Introduction\|Multi-functional Satellite Augmentation System (MSAS)]] is the Japanese SBAS. NEC manufactured and delivered MSAS under contract with the Civil Aviation Bureau, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. MSAS is operational since 2007 supporting en-route, terminal and non-precision approach operations.		*The [[MSAS General Introduction\|Multi-functional Satellite Augmentation System (MSAS)]] is the Japanese SBAS. NEC manufactured and delivered MSAS under contract with the Civil Aviation Bureau, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. MSAS is operational since 2007 supporting en-route, terminal and non-precision approach operations. MSAS evolutions will take advantage in the short term of the Quasi Zenith Satellite System deployed by Japan to broadcast radio signals from high elevation angle into urban canyons.
	*[[EGNOS General Introduction\|EGNOS]] is the European satellite-based augmentation service (SBAS) that complements the existing satellite navigation services provided by the US [[GPS General Introduction\|Global Positioning System]] (GPS). EGNOS provides the first European GNSS services to users. The [[EGNOS Safety of Life Service\|Safety of Life Service]] (SoL), which provides the most stringent level of signal-in-space performance to all communities of Safety of Life users over Europe, was officially started on 2 March 2011.		*[[EGNOS General Introduction\|EGNOS]] is the European satellite-based augmentation service (SBAS) that complements the existing satellite navigation services provided by the US [[GPS General Introduction\|Global Positioning System]] (GPS). EGNOS provides the first European GNSS services to users. The [[EGNOS Safety of Life Service\|Safety of Life Service]] (SoL), which provides the most stringent level of signal-in-space performance to all communities of Safety of Life users over Europe, was officially started on 2 March 2011.EGNOS V3 will provide augmentation to both GPS and Galileo in L1/E1 and L5/E5a signals.
	* The [[GAGAN\|GPS Aided Geo Augmented Navigation System (GAGAN)]] is the SBAS implementation by the Indian government. The project has established 15 Indian reference stations, 3 Indian navigation load uplink stations and 3 Indian mission control centres, in order to navigate in the Indian airspace by an accuracy of 3m. On 30th December 2012, the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA), India provisionally certified the GAGAN system to RNP0.1 (Required Navigation Performance, 0.1 Nautical Mile) service level. The certification enabled aircraft fitted with SBAS equipment to use GAGAN signal in space for navigation purposes. Testing and validation of these procedures were finished in 2016.		* The [[GAGAN\|GPS Aided Geo Augmented Navigation System (GAGAN)]] is the SBAS implementation by the Indian government. The project has established 15 Indian reference stations, 3 Indian navigation load uplink stations and 3 Indian mission control centres, in order to navigate in the Indian airspace by an accuracy of 3m. On 30th December 2012, the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA), India provisionally certified the GAGAN system to RNP0.1 (Required Navigation Performance, 0.1 Nautical Mile) service level. The certification enabled aircraft fitted with SBAS equipment to use GAGAN signal in space for navigation purposes. Testing and validation of these procedures were finished in 2016.
	The new civil signals suitable for aviation both in GPS and Galileo, offers great number of dual frequency ranging measurements. Because of that, the Satellite Augmentation Systems can also be updated to exploit these new signals and be available for multi-constellation performances. Such updates offer a variety of improvements over existing single frequency systems. These dual frequency systems are fully robust against ionospheric disturbances. Furthermore, they offer improve resistance against interference as operations can proceed when aircraft lose access to one frequency or the other. However, the largest benefit to a user taking advantage of both frequencies is that their availability can extend much farther away from the reference station network, in addition to the eliminated ionospheric ~~behaviour~~, allow this increase in coverage.		The new civil signals suitable for aviation both in GPS and Galileo, offers great number of dual frequency ranging measurements. Because of that, the Satellite Augmentation Systems can also be updated to exploit these new signals and be available for multi-constellation performances. Such updates offer a variety of improvements over existing single frequency systems. These dual frequency systems are fully robust against ionospheric disturbances. Furthermore, they offer improve resistance against interference as operations can proceed when aircraft lose access to one frequency or the other. However, the largest benefit to a user taking advantage of both frequencies is that their availability can extend much farther away from the reference station network, in addition to the eliminated ionospheric behavior, allow this increase in coverage.
	An SBAS utilizes a network of precisely surveyed reference receivers, located throughout its coverage region. The information gathered from these reference stations monitors the GNSS satellites and their propagation in real-time. Availability of SBAS service is a function of two quantities: the arrangement of the pseudorange measurements used to determine the user`s position, referred to as geometry; and the quality of each individual measurement. Referred to as confidence bound. Although very small confidence bounds can make up for poor geometries, and strong geometries can overcome large confidence bounds, both values are generally required it be good to obtain high availability. <ref name="Coverage Improvement for Dual Frequency SBAS” T. Walter, J. Blanch and P. Enge.">[https://web.stanford.edu/group/scpnt/gpslab/pubs/papers/Walter_IONITM_2010.pdf Coverage Improvement for Dual Frequency SBAS” T. Walter, J. Blanch and P. Enge.]</ref>		An SBAS utilizes a network of precisely surveyed reference receivers, located throughout its coverage region. The information gathered from these reference stations monitors the GNSS satellites and their propagation in real-time. Availability of SBAS service is a function of two quantities: the arrangement of the pseudorange measurements used to determine the user`s position, referred to as geometry; and the quality of each individual measurement. Referred to as confidence bound. Although very small confidence bounds can make up for poor geometries, and strong geometries can overcome large confidence bounds, both values are generally required it be good to obtain high availability. <ref name="Coverage Improvement for Dual Frequency SBAS” T. Walter, J. Blanch and P. Enge.">[https://web.stanford.edu/group/scpnt/gpslab/pubs/papers/Walter_IONITM_2010.pdf Coverage Improvement for Dual Frequency SBAS” T. Walter, J. Blanch and P. Enge.]</ref>