Personal Navigation Devices - Revision history

Claudia.Prajanu at 16:52, 16 September 2018

2018-09-16T16:52:02Z

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	Personal Navigation Devices (PND) are portable devices specifically built to run [[Road Navigation]] applications. This product is the most popular product with embedded GNSS technology only rivaled by the [[Phones\|phone]] with GNSS technology. PNDs are becoming redundant with increasing use of smartphones and better affordability of In-Vehicle Systems (IVS). In fact with smartphone navigation becoming increasingly popular, the PND market has been declining since 2009, according to the [[GNSS Market Report#Road\|GNSS Market Report, Issue 3]].		Personal Navigation Devices (PND) are portable devices specifically built to run [[Road Navigation]] applications. This product is the most popular product with embedded GNSS technology only rivaled by the [[Phones\|phone]] with GNSS technology. PNDs are becoming redundant with increasing use of smartphones and better affordability of In-Vehicle Systems (IVS). In fact with smartphone navigation becoming increasingly popular, the PND market has been declining since 2009, according to the [[GNSS Market Report#Road\|GNSS Market Report, Issue 3]].
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	The road personal navigation devices are a singular type of navigation products, because the navigation is driven by computer software which indicates turn-by-turn directions to the user, in order to achieve a chosen destination. Most of the current systems have voice incorporated and are able to provide precise information, without causing distractions to the driver.		The road personal navigation devices are a singular type of navigation products, because the navigation is driven by computer software which indicates turn-by-turn directions to the user, in order to achieve a chosen destination. Most of the current systems have voice incorporated and are able to provide precise information, without causing distractions to the driver.

	Any driver is capable to use these devices without any special training, skills or qualifications, due to a high investment in interactive user-centric interfaces and usability studies. This fact, aligned with a significant price decreasing in recent years~~<ref name="GSAGNSSMarketrep" />~~, will conduct to a dissemination of these products among the general public.		Any driver is capable to use these devices without any special training, skills or qualifications, due to a high investment in interactive user-centric interfaces and usability studies. This fact, aligned with a significant price decreasing in recent years, will conduct to a dissemination of these products among the general public.

	The main competitors of PNDs are in-vehicle navigation systems and [[Phones\|GNSS phones]] running road navigation applications.		The main competitors of PNDs are in-vehicle navigation systems and [[Phones\|GNSS phones]] running road navigation applications.

Filipe.Pelica: Included editor logo.

2014-09-18T17:01:08Z

Included editor logo.

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Filipe.Pelica at 21:12, 28 May 2014

2014-05-28T21:12:20Z

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	Personal Navigation Devices (PND) are portable devices specifically built to run [[Road Navigation]] applications. This product is the most popular product with embedded GNSS technology only rivaled by the [[Phones\|phone]] with GNSS technology. ~~Although~~ the PND market ~~still continues to grow~~, ~~it is expected~~ to ~~start declining from 2013 onwards, when~~ [[~~Phones~~\|~~GNSS phones]] will take over the position as most popular GNSS product.<ref name="GSAGNSSMarketrep" >[http://www.gsa.europa.eu/files/dmfile/GSAGNSSMarketreportIssue1.pdf GSA~~ GNSS Market Report – Issue 1]~~, October 2010~~.~~</ref>~~		Personal Navigation Devices (PND) are portable devices specifically built to run [[Road Navigation]] applications. This product is the most popular product with embedded GNSS technology only rivaled by the [[Phones\|phone]] with GNSS technology. PNDs are becoming redundant with increasing use of smartphones and better affordability of In-Vehicle Systems (IVS). In fact with smartphone navigation becoming increasingly popular, the PND market has been declining since 2009, according to the [[GNSS Market Report#Road\|GNSS Market Report, Issue 3]].

	These products that initially only supported navigation now incorporate other functionality such as mobile hands-free system, multimedia player, games, external application support, travel utilities (world time, currency converter, measurement converter, calculator, etc).		These products that initially only supported navigation now incorporate other functionality such as mobile hands-free system, multimedia player, games, external application support, travel utilities (world time, currency converter, measurement converter, calculator, etc).

Carlos.Lopez at 10:54, 23 February 2012

2012-02-23T10:54:33Z

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	{{Article Infobox2		{{Article Infobox2
	\|Category=Applications		\|Category=Applications
	\|~~Title={{PAGENAME}}~~		\|Editors=GMV
	~~\|Authors~~=GMV
	\|Level=Basic		\|Level=Basic
	\|YearOfPublication=2011		\|YearOfPublication=2011
	\|~~Logo~~=~~GMV~~		\|Title={{PAGENAME}}
	}}		}}
	Personal Navigation Devices (PND) are portable devices specifically built to run [[Road Navigation]] applications. This product is the most popular product with embedded GNSS technology only rivaled by the [[Phones\|phone]] with GNSS technology. Although the PND market still continues to grow, it is expected to start declining from 2013 onwards, when [[Phones\|GNSS phones]] will take over the position as most popular GNSS product.<ref name="GSAGNSSMarketrep" >[http://www.gsa.europa.eu/files/dmfile/GSAGNSSMarketreportIssue1.pdf GSA GNSS Market Report – Issue 1], October 2010.</ref>		Personal Navigation Devices (PND) are portable devices specifically built to run [[Road Navigation]] applications. This product is the most popular product with embedded GNSS technology only rivaled by the [[Phones\|phone]] with GNSS technology. Although the PND market still continues to grow, it is expected to start declining from 2013 onwards, when [[Phones\|GNSS phones]] will take over the position as most popular GNSS product.<ref name="GSAGNSSMarketrep" >[http://www.gsa.europa.eu/files/dmfile/GSAGNSSMarketreportIssue1.pdf GSA GNSS Market Report – Issue 1], October 2010.</ref>

Timo.Kouwenhoven at 10:04, 1 May 2011

2011-05-01T10:04:15Z

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	Personal Navigation Devices (PND) are portable devices specifically built to run [[Road Navigation]] applications. This product is the most popular product with embedded GNSS technology only rivaled by the [[Phones\|phone]] with GNSS technology. Although the PND market still continues to grow, it is expected to start declining from 2013 onwards, when [[Phones\|GNSS phones]] will take over the position as most popular GNSS product.<ref name="GSAGNSSMarketrep" >[http://www.gsa.europa.eu/files/dmfile/GSAGNSSMarketreportIssue1.pdf GSA GNSS Market Report – Issue 1], October 2010.</ref>		Personal Navigation Devices (PND) are portable devices specifically built to run [[Road Navigation]] applications. This product is the most popular product with embedded GNSS technology only rivaled by the [[Phones\|phone]] with GNSS technology. Although the PND market still continues to grow, it is expected to start declining from 2013 onwards, when [[Phones\|GNSS phones]] will take over the position as most popular GNSS product.<ref name="GSAGNSSMarketrep" >[http://www.gsa.europa.eu/files/dmfile/GSAGNSSMarketreportIssue1.pdf GSA GNSS Market Report – Issue 1], October 2010.</ref>

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	== Product Description ==		== Product Description ==

	[[File:Car_navigator_in_action.JPG\|right\|thumb\|400px\|Personal navigation device in action]]		[[File:Car_navigator_in_action.JPG\|right\|thumb\|400px\|Personal navigation device in action]]

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	The accuracy required by these applications is low. The current accuracy provided by civilian GPS is enough for these applications.		The accuracy required by these applications is low. The current accuracy provided by civilian GPS is enough for these applications.


	== Product Characterization ==		== Product Characterization ==


	=== Equipment mounting ===		=== Equipment mounting ===

	PNDs offer a couple of options in order to mount the equipment in the vehicle, such as attached to the windshield or dashboard, throughout a suction equipment piece, allowing the user to choose a suitable position for GNSS reception, and to avoid interferences with the driving activities.		PNDs offer a couple of options in order to mount the equipment in the vehicle, such as attached to the windshield or dashboard, throughout a suction equipment piece, allowing the user to choose a suitable position for GNSS reception, and to avoid interferences with the driving activities.

	=== User Inputs ===		=== User Inputs ===

	Users are able to provide destinations in many different ways. In most of current models the inputs are provided through the touch-screen, using efficient user interfaces. For instance, in order to choose a destination, these interfaces permit to write an address, insert coordinates, pinpoint a location on the map or chose a point of interest.		Users are able to provide destinations in many different ways. In most of current models the inputs are provided through the touch-screen, using efficient user interfaces. For instance, in order to choose a destination, these interfaces permit to write an address, insert coordinates, pinpoint a location on the map or chose a point of interest.

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	=== Maps ===		=== Maps ===

	Usually the maps used in car navigation products are accurate and very often updated, comprising information such as, street/road names, speed limits, street directions, among many other details. The devices also offer the possibility to obtain map updates or maps from other countries/regions, usually connecting the device to a computer and getting the updates from internet.		Usually the maps used in car navigation products are accurate and very often updated, comprising information such as, street/road names, speed limits, street directions, among many other details. The devices also offer the possibility to obtain map updates or maps from other countries/regions, usually connecting the device to a computer and getting the updates from internet.

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	=== Routing ===		=== Routing ===


	Most of the currently available models support two routing algorithms: the fastest route and the shortest route.		Most of the currently available models support two routing algorithms: the fastest route and the shortest route.

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	== Product Examples ==		== Product Examples ==

	Currently there are many manufacturers producing personal navigation devices, although the market is shared in its large majority by Garmin and TomTom. The most recognizable players are the following:<ref>[http://reviews.cnet.com/car-gps-systems/ CNET site - Car Navigation Comparison]</ref>		Currently there are many manufacturers producing personal navigation devices, although the market is shared in its large majority by Garmin and TomTom. The most recognizable players are the following:<ref>[http://reviews.cnet.com/car-gps-systems/ CNET site - Car Navigation Comparison]</ref>

	* [http://www.garmin.com/garmin/cms/site/us/ontheroad/ Garmin PNDs] Garmin owns lines of products for cars, motorcycles and trucks.		* [http://www.garmin.com/garmin/cms/site/us/ontheroad/ Garmin PNDs] Garmin owns lines of products for cars, motorcycles and trucks.
	* [http://www.magellangps.com/Products/Vehicle-Navigation Magellan PNDs]		* [http://www.magellangps.com/Products/Vehicle-Navigation Magellan PNDs]
	* [http://www.navman.com/ Navman PNDs]		* [http://www.navman.com/ Navman PNDs]
	* [http://www.tomtom.com/en_gb/products/car-navigation/ TomTom PNDs] TomTom, owns a huge ammount of different product lines.		* [http://www.tomtom.com/en_gb/products/car-navigation/ TomTom PNDs] TomTom, owns a huge ammount of different product lines.


	== Notes ==		== Notes ==
	<references group="nb" />		<references group="nb" />

	==References==		==References==
	<references/>		<references/>

Rui.Pereira at 00:59, 30 April 2011

2011-04-30T00:59:29Z

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	Personal Navigation Devices (PND) are portable devices specifically built ~~for~~ to run [[Road Navigation]] applications. This product is the most popular product with embedded GNSS technology only rivaled by the [[Phones\|phone]] with GNSS technology. Although the PND market still continues to grow ~~its~~ expected ~~a decline starting on~~ 2013 ~~and that~~ [[Phones\|GNSS phones]] will take over the position as most popular GNSS product.<ref name="GSAGNSSMarketrep" >[http://www.gsa.europa.eu/files/dmfile/GSAGNSSMarketreportIssue1.pdf GSA GNSS Market Report – Issue 1], October 2010.</ref>		Personal Navigation Devices (PND) are portable devices specifically built to run [[Road Navigation]] applications. This product is the most popular product with embedded GNSS technology only rivaled by the [[Phones\|phone]] with GNSS technology. Although the PND market still continues to grow, it is expected to start declining from 2013 onwards, when [[Phones\|GNSS phones]] will take over the position as most popular GNSS product.<ref name="GSAGNSSMarketrep" >[http://www.gsa.europa.eu/files/dmfile/GSAGNSSMarketreportIssue1.pdf GSA GNSS Market Report – Issue 1], October 2010.</ref>

	These products that initially only supported navigation now incorporate other functionality such as mobile hands-free system, multimedia player, games, external application support, travel utilities (world time, currency converter, measurement converter, calculator, etc)		These products that initially only supported navigation now incorporate other functionality such as mobile hands-free system, multimedia player, games, external application support, travel utilities (world time, currency converter, measurement converter, calculator, etc).

	== Product Description ==		== Product Description ==
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	The main competitors of PNDs are in-vehicle navigation systems and [[Phones\|GNSS phones]] running road navigation applications.		The main competitors of PNDs are in-vehicle navigation systems and [[Phones\|GNSS phones]] running road navigation applications.

	~~In relation~~ to in-vehicle ~~navigation~~ systems PNDs have the advantage of normally being cheaper, portable, universal and more easily upgradable or substituted but lack the integration possibilities that in-vehicle systems have.		When compared to in-vehicle nav systems, PNDs have the advantage of normally being cheaper, portable, universal and more easily upgradable or substituted but lack the integration possibilities that in-vehicle systems have.

	[[Phones\|GNSS phone]] by the other ~~hands~~ are more versatile and concentrate several function in a single device but since PNDs are dedicated products the screens and its usability are normally better that in [[Phones\|GNSS phone]].		[[Phones\|GNSS phone]] on the other hand are more versatile and concentrate several function in a single device but since PNDs are dedicated products the screens and its usability are normally better that in [[Phones\|GNSS phone]].

	The applications for which GNSS phones are used are considered as non-critical applications.		The applications for which GNSS phones are used are considered as non-critical applications.
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	Most of the currently available models ~~own~~ two routing algorithms: the fastest route and the shortest route.		Most of the currently available models support two routing algorithms: the fastest route and the shortest route.

	In case of deviations from the suggested route, the devices usually recalculate a new route. Other features commonly available are the ability to have preferences to avoid certain roads or areas. <ref name="maps-gps-info" />		In case of deviations from the suggested route, the devices usually recalculate a new route. Other features commonly available are the ability to have preferences to avoid certain roads or areas. <ref name="maps-gps-info" />
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	== Product Examples ==		== Product Examples ==

	Currently there are many ~~manufactures~~ producing personal navigation devices, although the market is shared in its large majority by Garmin and TomTom. The most recognizable players are the following:<ref>[http://reviews.cnet.com/car-gps-systems/ CNET site - Car Navigation Comparison]</ref>		Currently there are many manufacturers producing personal navigation devices, although the market is shared in its large majority by Garmin and TomTom. The most recognizable players are the following:<ref>[http://reviews.cnet.com/car-gps-systems/ CNET site - Car Navigation Comparison]</ref>

	* [http://www.garmin.com/garmin/cms/site/us/ontheroad/ Garmin PNDs] Garmin owns lines of products for cars, motorcycles and trucks.		* [http://www.garmin.com/garmin/cms/site/us/ontheroad/ Garmin PNDs] Garmin owns lines of products for cars, motorcycles and trucks.

Rui.Pereira at 14:54, 29 April 2011

2011-04-29T14:54:20Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:54, 29 April 2011
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	Personal Navigation Devices (PND) are portable devices specifically built for to run [[Road Navigation]] applications. This product is the most popular product with ~~embeded~~ GNSS technology only rivaled by the [[Phones\|phone]] with GNSS technology. Although the PND market still continues to grow its expected a decline starting on 2013 and that [[Phones\|GNSS phones]] will take over the position as most popular GNSS product.<ref name="GSAGNSSMarketrep" >[http://www.gsa.europa.eu/files/dmfile/GSAGNSSMarketreportIssue1.pdf GSA GNSS Market Report – Issue 1], October 2010.</ref>		Personal Navigation Devices (PND) are portable devices specifically built for to run [[Road Navigation]] applications. This product is the most popular product with embedded GNSS technology only rivaled by the [[Phones\|phone]] with GNSS technology. Although the PND market still continues to grow its expected a decline starting on 2013 and that [[Phones\|GNSS phones]] will take over the position as most popular GNSS product.<ref name="GSAGNSSMarketrep" >[http://www.gsa.europa.eu/files/dmfile/GSAGNSSMarketreportIssue1.pdf GSA GNSS Market Report – Issue 1], October 2010.</ref>

	These products that initially only supported navigation now incorporate other ~~funtionality~~ such as mobile ~~handsfree~~ system, multimedia player, games, external application support, travel utilities (world time, currency converter, measurement converter, calculator, etc)		These products that initially only supported navigation now incorporate other functionality such as mobile hands-free system, multimedia player, games, external application support, travel utilities (world time, currency converter, measurement converter, calculator, etc)

	== Product Description ==		== Product Description ==
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	In relation to in-vehicle navigation systems PNDs have the advantage of normally being cheaper, portable, universal and more easily upgradable or substituted but lack the integration possibilities that in-vehicle systems have.		In relation to in-vehicle navigation systems PNDs have the advantage of normally being cheaper, portable, universal and more easily upgradable or substituted but lack the integration possibilities that in-vehicle systems have.

	[[Phones\|GNSS phone]] by the other hands are more versatile and concentrate several ~~fuction~~ in a single device but since PNDs are dedicated products the screens and its usability are normally better that in [[Phones\|GNSS phone]].		[[Phones\|GNSS phone]] by the other hands are more versatile and concentrate several function in a single device but since PNDs are dedicated products the screens and its usability are normally better that in [[Phones\|GNSS phone]].

	The applications for which GNSS phones are used are considered as non-critical applications.		The applications for which GNSS phones are used are considered as non-critical applications.
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	=== User Inputs ===		=== User Inputs ===

	Users are able to provide destinations in many different ways. In most of current models the inputs are provided through the touch-screen, using efficient user interfaces. For instance, in order to ~~chose~~ a destination, these interfaces permit to write an address, insert coordinates, pinpoint a location on the map or chose a point of interest.		Users are able to provide destinations in many different ways. In most of current models the inputs are provided through the touch-screen, using efficient user interfaces. For instance, in order to choose a destination, these interfaces permit to write an address, insert coordinates, pinpoint a location on the map or chose a point of interest.

	High-end PNDs offer voice activated navigation where the device is operated using voice commands.		High-end PNDs offer voice activated navigation where the device is operated using voice commands.
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	The detailed maps require a considerable amount of memory to be stored and the equipment prices vary according with the memory capacity. The most common form of memory storage in these systems is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Digital Secure Digital (SD)] or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CompactFlash Compact Flash (CF)] card. <ref name="maps-gps-info" >[http://www.maps-gps-info.com/gp-car-nav.html Maps GPS Info Site - Car Navigation]</ref>		The detailed maps require a considerable amount of memory to be stored and the equipment prices vary according with the memory capacity. The most common form of memory storage in these systems is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Digital Secure Digital (SD)] or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CompactFlash Compact Flash (CF)] card. <ref name="maps-gps-info" >[http://www.maps-gps-info.com/gp-car-nav.html Maps GPS Info Site - Car Navigation]</ref>

	The maps provided with PNDs are ~~ussually~~ road oriented vectorial maps that can be rendered as 2D map view and the 3D bird's eye view, which are both detailed in Road View section, on [[Road_Navigation#Road_View\|Road Navigation]] article.		The maps provided with PNDs are usually road oriented vectorial maps that can be rendered as 2D map view and the 3D bird's eye view, which are both detailed in Road View section, on [[Road_Navigation#Road_View\|Road Navigation]] article.

	Satellite images based road views and 3D building data require more complex vectorial maps and raster maps.		Satellite images based road views and 3D building data require more complex vectorial maps and raster maps.
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	Detailed information about Routing can be found in [[Road_Navigation#Routing\|Road Navigation]] article.		Detailed information about Routing can be found in [[Road_Navigation#Routing\|Road Navigation]] article.

	The [[Wikipedia:Dead reckoning\|dead reckoning]] feature allows to maintain routing directions in the event of loss of GNSS signal, for instance when driving across tunnels, or garage parks. Dead reckoning works by using a compass or gyroscope and can be connected with the car's sensors, that record the wheel rotation and steering direction. This feature is more common in in-vehicle navigation devices since the connection with car sensors is easier but some PNDs support this by having internal inertial sensors that complement GNSS information. Some PND even allow the connection with the car's [[Wikipedia:On-board diagnostics\|on-board diagnostics (OBD)]] (using additional hardware). [[Wikipedia:On-board diagnostics\|OBD]] provides information about the car and the engine among which the velocity<ref name="maps-gps-info" />.		The [[Wikipedia:Dead reckoning\|dead reckoning]] feature allows to maintain routing directions in the event of loss of GNSS signal, for instance when driving across tunnels, or garage parks. Dead reckoning works by using a compass or gyroscope and can be connected with the car's sensors, that record the wheel rotation and steering direction. This feature is more common in in-vehicle navigation devices since the connection with car sensors is easier but some PNDs support this by having internal inertial sensors that complement GNSS information. Some PND even allow the connection with the car's [[Wikipedia:On-board diagnostics\|on-board diagnostics (OBD)]] (using additional hardware). [[Wikipedia:On-board diagnostics\|OBD]] provides information about the car and the engine among which the velocity<ref name="maps-gps-info" />.

	== Product Examples ==		== Product Examples ==

Rui.Pereira at 14:47, 29 April 2011

2011-04-29T14:47:28Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:47, 29 April 2011
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	Usually the maps used in car navigation products are accurate and very often updated, comprising information such as, street/road names, speed limits, street directions, among many other details. The devices also offer the possibility to obtain map updates or maps from other countries/regions, usually connecting the device to a computer and getting the updates from internet.		Usually the maps used in car navigation products are accurate and very often updated, comprising information such as, street/road names, speed limits, street directions, among many other details. The devices also offer the possibility to obtain map updates or maps from other countries/regions, usually connecting the device to a computer and getting the updates from internet.

	The detailed maps require a ~~lot~~ of memory to be stored and the equipment prices vary according with the memory capacity. The most common form of memory storage in these systems is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Digital Secure Digital (SD)] or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CompactFlash Compact Flash (CF)] card. <ref name="maps-gps-info" >[http://www.maps-gps-info.com/gp-car-nav.html Maps GPS Info Site - Car Navigation]</ref>		The detailed maps require a considerable amount of memory to be stored and the equipment prices vary according with the memory capacity. The most common form of memory storage in these systems is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Digital Secure Digital (SD)] or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CompactFlash Compact Flash (CF)] card. <ref name="maps-gps-info" >[http://www.maps-gps-info.com/gp-car-nav.html Maps GPS Info Site - Car Navigation]</ref>

	~~Many map applications usually provide 2~~ road ~~views modes: the~~ 2D map view and the 3D bird's eye view, which are both detailed in Road View section, on [[Road_Navigation#Road_View\|Road Navigation]] article.		The maps provided with PNDs are ussually road oriented vectorial maps that can be rendered as 2D map view and the 3D bird's eye view, which are both detailed in Road View section, on [[Road_Navigation#Road_View\|Road Navigation]] article.

	~~[[File:Gathers VXH-072CV~~.~~jpg\|right\|thumb\|480px\|Factory-installed personal navigation device]]~~		Satellite images based road views and 3D building data require more complex vectorial maps and raster maps.

	Points of Interest are often used in road navigation devices. POIs are map positions, as it is defined in waypoints section on [[Handheld_Outdoor_Receivers#Waypoints\|Handheld Outdoor Receivers]] ~~article~~ and are used to enrich ~~maps~~ information.		Points of Interest are often used in road navigation devices. POIs are map positions, as it is defined in waypoints section for [[Handheld_Outdoor_Receivers#Waypoints\|Handheld Outdoor Receivers]] and are used to enrich map information.

	=== Routing ===		=== Routing ===
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	Detailed information about Routing can be found in [[Road_Navigation#Routing\|Road Navigation]] article.		Detailed information about Routing can be found in [[Road_Navigation#Routing\|Road Navigation]] article.

	~~Some car navigation models have~~ [~~http~~:~~//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_reckoning~~ dead reckoning] feature~~. This feature will allow~~ to maintain routing directions in the event of loss of GNSS signal, for instance when driving across tunnels, or garage parks. Dead reckoning works by using a compass or gyroscope and ~~it is~~ connected with car's sensors, that record the wheel rotation and steering direction. ~~Due to~~ this ~~reason,~~ the ~~device requires to be permanently installed in~~ the ~~vehicle~~.<ref name="maps-gps-info" />		The [[Wikipedia:Dead reckoning\|dead reckoning]] feature allows to maintain routing directions in the event of loss of GNSS signal, for instance when driving across tunnels, or garage parks. Dead reckoning works by using a compass or gyroscope and can be connected with the car's sensors, that record the wheel rotation and steering direction. This feature is more common in in-vehicle navigation devices since the connection with car sensors is easier but some PNDs support this by having internal inertial sensors that complement GNSS information. Some PND even allow the connection with the car's [[Wikipedia:On-board diagnostics\|on-board diagnostics (OBD)]] (using additional hardware). [[Wikipedia:On-board diagnostics\|OBD]] provides information about the car and the engine among which the velocity<ref name="maps-gps-info" />.

	== Product Examples ==		== Product Examples ==

Rui.Pereira at 11:30, 29 April 2011

2011-04-29T11:30:23Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:30, 29 April 2011
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	}}		}}

	Car navigation is currently the main application of GNSS. GNSS data combined with electronic maps allow positioning and guidance of the road user. Personal Navigation Devices sales have enjoyed fast growth over the last 4 years: 76% per year worldwide, 55% in the EU.
	~~<ref name="GSAGNSSMarketrep" >[http://www.gsa.europa.eu/files/dmfile/GSAGNSSMarketreportIssue1.pdf GSA GNSS Market Report – Issue 1], October 2010.</ref>~~

	~~Satellite navigation receivers~~ are ~~now commonly installed in new cars as a key tool~~ for ~~providing new services~~ to ~~people~~ on the ~~move: electronic charging, real-time traffic information, emergency calls, route guidance, fleet management and Advanced Driving Assistance Systems~~.		Personal Navigation Devices (PND) are portable devices specifically built for to run [[Road Navigation]] applications. This product is the most popular product with embeded GNSS technology only rivaled by the [[Phones\|phone]] with GNSS technology. Although the PND market still continues to grow its expected a decline starting on 2013 and that [[Phones\|GNSS phones]] will take over the position as most popular GNSS product.<ref name="GSAGNSSMarketrep" >[http://www.gsa.europa.eu/files/dmfile/GSAGNSSMarketreportIssue1.pdf GSA GNSS Market Report – Issue 1], October 2010.</ref>
	<ref name="~~GalileoRoad~~" >[http://www.~~galileoic~~.~~org~~/la/~~files~~/~~Road~~.pdf ~~Galileo Application Sheet - Road Applications~~]~~, ESA and European Commission~~, October ~~2002~~.</ref>

			These products that initially only supported navigation now incorporate other funtionality such as mobile handsfree system, multimedia player, games, external application support, travel utilities (world time, currency converter, measurement converter, calculator, etc)

	== Product Description ==		== Product Description ==
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	[[File:Car_navigator_in_action.JPG\|right\|thumb\|400px\|Personal navigation device in action]]		[[File:Car_navigator_in_action.JPG\|right\|thumb\|400px\|Personal navigation device in action]]

	The road personal navigation devices are a singular type of navigation products, because the navigation is driven by computer software which indicates ~~the~~ directions ~~and procedures~~ to the user, in order to achieve a chosen destination. Most of the current systems have voice incorporated and are able to provide precise information, without causing distractions to the driver.		The road personal navigation devices are a singular type of navigation products, because the navigation is driven by computer software which indicates turn-by-turn directions to the user, in order to achieve a chosen destination. Most of the current systems have voice incorporated and are able to provide precise information, without causing distractions to the driver.

	Any driver is capable to use these devices without any special training, skills or qualifications, due to a high investment in interactive user-centric interfaces and usability studies. This fact, aligned with a significant price decreasing in recent years<ref name="GSAGNSSMarketrep" />, will conduct to a dissemination of these products among the general public.		Any driver is capable to use these devices without any special training, skills or qualifications, due to a high investment in interactive user-centric interfaces and usability studies. This fact, aligned with a significant price decreasing in recent years<ref name="GSAGNSSMarketrep" />, will conduct to a dissemination of these products among the general public.

	~~Many car manufactures~~ are ~~producing vehicles with factory~~-~~installed personal~~ navigation ~~devices. The~~ [~~http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Original_equipment_manufacturer OEM~~] ~~units have advantages, such as security or cost, but on the other hand, lacks in equipment portability~~.		The main competitors of PNDs are in-vehicle navigation systems and [[Phones\|GNSS phones]] running road navigation applications.

	~~Many [[Phones \| smartphones]] equipped with~~ the ~~proper software are increasingly~~ being ~~used as road navigation devices~~, which shall change the navigation devices utilization paradigm during the upcoming years. Despite this fact, the personal navigation devices are dedicated products that commonly offer proper screens, better usability, and ~~don't receive calls, which might interfere with the drivers' behavior while he~~ or ~~she is using~~ the ~~device~~.		In relation to in-vehicle navigation systems PNDs have the advantage of normally being cheaper, portable, universal and more easily upgradable or substituted but lack the integration possibilities that in-vehicle systems have.

	~~These~~ applications are considered non-critical ~~and the performance~~ provided by ~~the current~~ GPS ~~Standard Positioning Service (SPS)~~ is ~~considered~~ enough ~~in most situations~~		[[Phones\|GNSS phone]] by the other hands are more versatile and concentrate several fuction in a single device but since PNDs are dedicated products the screens and its usability are normally better that in [[Phones\|GNSS phone]].

			The applications for which GNSS phones are used are considered as non-critical applications.

			The accuracy required by these applications is low. The current accuracy provided by civilian GPS is enough for these applications.


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	=== Equipment mounting ===		=== Equipment mounting ===

	~~Apart from the OEM products, the road personal navigation devices~~ offer a couple of options in order to mount the equipment in the vehicle, such as attached to the windshield or dashboard, throughout a suction equipment piece, allowing the user to choose a suitable position for GNSS reception, and to avoid interferences with the driving activities.		PNDs offer a couple of options in order to mount the equipment in the vehicle, such as attached to the windshield or dashboard, throughout a suction equipment piece, allowing the user to choose a suitable position for GNSS reception, and to avoid interferences with the driving activities.

	=== User Inputs ===		=== User Inputs ===

	Users are able to provide destinations in many different ways. In most of current models the inputs are provided through the touch-screen, using efficient user interfaces. For instance, in order to chose a destination, these interfaces permit to write an address, insert coordinates, pinpoint a location on the map or chose a point of interest.		Users are able to provide destinations in many different ways. In most of current models the inputs are provided through the touch-screen, using efficient user interfaces. For instance, in order to chose a destination, these interfaces permit to write an address, insert coordinates, pinpoint a location on the map or chose a point of interest.

			High-end PNDs offer voice activated navigation where the device is operated using voice commands.

	=== Maps ===		=== Maps ===

Duarte.Sampaio at 09:04, 29 April 2011

2011-04-29T09:04:18Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:04, 29 April 2011
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	[[File:Car_navigator_in_action.JPG\|right\|thumb\|400px\|Personal navigation device in action]]		[[File:Car_navigator_in_action.JPG\|right\|thumb\|400px\|Personal navigation device in action]]

	The road personal navigation devices are a singular type of navigation products, because the navigation is driven by computer software which indicates the directions and procedures to the user, in order to achieve a chosen destination. Most of the current systems have voice incorporated and are able to provide precise information, without causing ~~a dangerous situation situation, due~~ to ~~distractions~~.		The road personal navigation devices are a singular type of navigation products, because the navigation is driven by computer software which indicates the directions and procedures to the user, in order to achieve a chosen destination. Most of the current systems have voice incorporated and are able to provide precise information, without causing distractions to the driver.

	Any driver is capable to use these devices without any special training, skills or qualifications, due to a high investment in interactive user-centric interfaces and usability studies. This fact, aligned with a significant price decreasing in recent years<ref name="GSAGNSSMarketrep" />, will conduct to a dissemination of these products among the general public.		Any driver is capable to use these devices without any special training, skills or qualifications, due to a high investment in interactive user-centric interfaces and usability studies. This fact, aligned with a significant price decreasing in recent years<ref name="GSAGNSSMarketrep" />, will conduct to a dissemination of these products among the general public.

	Many car manufactures are producing vehicles with factory-installed personal navigation devices. The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Original_equipment_manufacturer OEM] units have advantages, such as security or cost, but lacks in equipment portability.		Many car manufactures are producing vehicles with factory-installed personal navigation devices. The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Original_equipment_manufacturer OEM] units have advantages, such as security or cost, but on the other hand, lacks in equipment portability.

	Many [[Phones \| smartphones]] equipped with the proper software are increasingly being used as road navigation devices, which shall change the navigation devices utilization paradigm during the upcoming years. Despite this fact, the personal navigation devices are dedicated products that commonly offer proper screens, better usability, ~~good user interfaces~~ and don't receive calls, which might interfere with the drivers' behavior while he or she is using the device.		Many [[Phones \| smartphones]] equipped with the proper software are increasingly being used as road navigation devices, which shall change the navigation devices utilization paradigm during the upcoming years. Despite this fact, the personal navigation devices are dedicated products that commonly offer proper screens, better usability, and don't receive calls, which might interfere with the drivers' behavior while he or she is using the device.

	These applications are considered non-critical and the performance provided by the current GPS Standard Positioning Service (SPS) is considered enough in most situations		These applications are considered non-critical and the performance provided by the current GPS Standard Positioning Service (SPS) is considered enough in most situations
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	=== User Inputs ===		=== User Inputs ===

	Users are able to provide destinations in many different ways. In most of current models the inputs are provided through the touch-screen, using efficient user interfaces. For instance, these interfaces permit to write an address, insert coordinates, pinpoint a location on the map or chose a point of interest.		Users are able to provide destinations in many different ways. In most of current models the inputs are provided through the touch-screen, using efficient user interfaces. For instance, in order to chose a destination, these interfaces permit to write an address, insert coordinates, pinpoint a location on the map or chose a point of interest.

	=== Maps ===		=== Maps ===

	Usually the maps used in car navigation products are accurate and very often updated, comprising information such as, street/road names, speed limits, ~~streets'~~ directions, among many ~~others~~. The devices also offer the possibility to obtain map updates or maps from other countries/regions, usually connecting the device to a computer and getting the updates from internet.		Usually the maps used in car navigation products are accurate and very often updated, comprising information such as, street/road names, speed limits, street directions, among many other details. The devices also offer the possibility to obtain map updates or maps from other countries/regions, usually connecting the device to a computer and getting the updates from internet.

	The detailed maps require a lot of memory to be stored and the equipment prices vary according with the memory capacity. The most common form of memory storage in these systems is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Digital Secure Digital (SD)] or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CompactFlash Compact Flash (CF)] card. <ref name="maps-gps-info" >[http://www.maps-gps-info.com/gp-car-nav.html Maps GPS Info Site - Car Navigation]</ref>		The detailed maps require a lot of memory to be stored and the equipment prices vary according with the memory capacity. The most common form of memory storage in these systems is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Digital Secure Digital (SD)] or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CompactFlash Compact Flash (CF)] card. <ref name="maps-gps-info" >[http://www.maps-gps-info.com/gp-car-nav.html Maps GPS Info Site - Car Navigation]</ref>