Galileo Architecture - Revision history

Gema.Cueto: Fixed GALILEO OS SDD reference link

2026-04-16T13:50:55Z

Fixed GALILEO OS SDD reference link

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:50, 16 April 2026
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	The [[GALILEO General Introduction\|Galileo]] System is an independent, global, European-controlled, satellite-based navigation system and will provide a number of guaranteed services to users equipped with Galileo-compatible receivers once it achieves its Full Operational Capability foreseen for 2020. From 2016, Galileo moved from a testing phase to the provision of life services thanks to the Galileo Initial Services declaration.		The [[GALILEO General Introduction\|Galileo]] System is an independent, global, European-controlled, satellite-based navigation system and will provide a number of guaranteed services to users equipped with Galileo-compatible receivers once it achieves its Full Operational Capability foreseen for 2020. From 2016, Galileo moved from a testing phase to the provision of life services thanks to the Galileo Initial Services declaration.

	To ensure GALILEO services, a specific architecture is deployed, that consists of 30 satellites, to be deployed in a staggered approach, and the associated ground infrastructure.<ref name="Galileo-OS-SDD">[https://www.gsc-europa.eu/~~system~~/files/~~galileo_documents~~/Galileo-OS-~~SDD~~.pdf Galileo Open Service - Service Definition Document]</ref> The Galileo system is divided into three major segments: [[GALILEO Space Segment\|Space Segment]], [[GALILEO Ground Segment\|Ground Segment]] and [[GALILEO User Segment\|User Segment]].		To ensure GALILEO services, a specific architecture is deployed, that consists of 30 satellites, to be deployed in a staggered approach, and the associated ground infrastructure.<ref name="Galileo-OS-SDD">[https://www.gsc-europa.eu/sites/default/files/sites/all/files/Galileo-OS-SDD_in_force.pdf Galileo Open Service - Service Definition Document]</ref> The Galileo system is divided into three major segments: [[GALILEO Space Segment\|Space Segment]], [[GALILEO Ground Segment\|Ground Segment]] and [[GALILEO User Segment\|User Segment]].

	==Introduction==		==Introduction==

Gema.Cueto at 07:19, 14 December 2020

2020-12-14T07:19:55Z

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	[[Category:GALILEO Architecture]]		[[Category:GALILEO Architecture]]
	[[Category:GALILEO Ground Segment]]		[[Category:GALILEO Ground Segment]]

	~~{{Article Infobox2~~
	~~\|Category=GALILEO~~
	~~\|Editors=GMV~~
	~~\|Level=Basic~~
	~~\|YearOfPublication=2020~~
	~~\|Logo=GMV~~
	~~\|Title={{PAGENAME}}~~
	}}

Gema.Cueto at 07:19, 14 December 2020

2020-12-14T07:19:33Z

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-{{Article Infobox2
 The [[GALILEO General Introduction|Galileo]] System is an independent, global, European-controlled, satellite-based navigation system and will provide a number of guaranteed services to users equipped with Galileo-compatible receivers once it achieves its Full Operational Capability foreseen for 2020. From 2016, Galileo moved from a testing phase to the provision of life services thanks to the Galileo Initial Services declaration.
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 <references group="footnotes"/>
 ==References==
-<references/>
+<references/>{{Article Infobox2
 [[Category:GALILEO|Architecture]]
 [[Category:GALILEO Architecture]]
 [[Category:GALILEO Ground Segment]]

Gema.Cueto: /* GALILEO Ground Segment */

2020-03-17T10:51:57Z

GALILEO Ground Segment

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	The core of the GALILEO ground segment are the two Galileo Control Centres (GCC). Each control centre manages ''control'' functions supported by a '''Galileo Control Segment (GCS)''' and ''mission'' functions, supported by a dedicated '''Galileo Mission Segment (GMS)'''. The GCS handles spacecraft housekeeping and constellation maintenance while the GMS handles navigation system control. The GCS and GMS interfaces the satellites with a worldwide ground station network implementing control and monitoring functions<ref name="Galileo-OS-SDD"/><ref name="Galileo_System">[https://www.gsc-europa.eu/galileo~~-gsc-overview~~/system Galileo System at European Galileo Service Centre website]</ref>.		The core of the GALILEO ground segment are the two Galileo Control Centres (GCC). Each control centre manages ''control'' functions supported by a '''Galileo Control Segment (GCS)''' and ''mission'' functions, supported by a dedicated '''Galileo Mission Segment (GMS)'''. The GCS handles spacecraft housekeeping and constellation maintenance while the GMS handles navigation system control. The GCS and GMS interfaces the satellites with a worldwide ground station network implementing control and monitoring functions<ref name="Galileo-OS-SDD"/><ref name="Galileo_System">[https://www.gsc-europa.eu/galileo/system Galileo System at European Galileo Service Centre website]</ref>.

	The '''Galileo Control Segment (GCS)''' is responsible for a large range of functions to support satellite constellation control and management of Galileo satellites. The scope of this functionality includes control and monitoring of the satellites and payload, planning and automation functions that allow safe and correct operations to take place, and the support of payload related operations by means of Telemetry Tracking and Control (TT&C) stations links. The GCS provides the telemetry, telecommand and control function for the whole Galileo satellite constellation. Its functional elements are deployed within the Galileo Control Centres (GCC) and the six globally distributed Telemetry Tracking and Control (TT&C) stations. To manage this, the GCS uses the TT&C stations to communicate with each satellite on a scheme combining regular, scheduled contacts, long-term test campaigns and contingency contacts.		The '''Galileo Control Segment (GCS)''' is responsible for a large range of functions to support satellite constellation control and management of Galileo satellites. The scope of this functionality includes control and monitoring of the satellites and payload, planning and automation functions that allow safe and correct operations to take place, and the support of payload related operations by means of Telemetry Tracking and Control (TT&C) stations links. The GCS provides the telemetry, telecommand and control function for the whole Galileo satellite constellation. Its functional elements are deployed within the Galileo Control Centres (GCC) and the six globally distributed Telemetry Tracking and Control (TT&C) stations. To manage this, the GCS uses the TT&C stations to communicate with each satellite on a scheme combining regular, scheduled contacts, long-term test campaigns and contingency contacts.

Gema.Cueto: /* GALILEO Space Segment */

2020-03-17T10:50:09Z

GALILEO Space Segment

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	The main functions of the [[GALILEO Space Segment\|Galileo Space Segment]] are to generate and transmit code and carrier phase signals with a specific [[GALILEO Signal Plan\|Galileo signal structure]], and to store and retransmit the navigation message sent by the [[GALILEO Ground Segment\|Control Segment]]. These transmissions are controlled by highly stable atomic clocks on board the satellites.		The main functions of the [[GALILEO Space Segment\|Galileo Space Segment]] are to generate and transmit code and carrier phase signals with a specific [[GALILEO Signal Plan\|Galileo signal structure]], and to store and retransmit the navigation message sent by the [[GALILEO Ground Segment\|Control Segment]]. These transmissions are controlled by highly stable atomic clocks on board the satellites.

	When Galileo is fully operational, there will be 30 satellites in Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) at an altitude of 23,222 kilometres. The satellites will occupy each of three orbital planes inclined at an angle of 56° with respect to the equator. The satellites will be spread evenly around each plane and will take about 14 hours to orbit the Earth. One satellite in each plane will be a spare, on stand-by should any operational satellite fail. The constellation ~~will include~~ 6 spare satellites, resulting a walker 24/3/1 constellation. These spare satellites can be activated and allocated to a given operational slot depending on maintenance or service evolution activities. ~~Each orbital plane includes 8 satellites uniformly distributed within the plane. The angular shift between satellites in two adjacent planes is 15º.~~		When Galileo is fully operational, there will be 30 satellites in Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) at an altitude of 23,222 kilometres. The satellites will occupy each of three orbital planes inclined at an angle of 56° with respect to the equator. The satellites will be spread evenly around each plane and will take about 14 hours to orbit the Earth. Each orbital plane includes 8 satellites uniformly distributed within the plane. The angular shift between satellites in two adjacent planes is 15º.
			One satellite in each plane will be a spare, on stand-by should any operational satellite fail. The full constellation includes 6 spare satellites, resulting a walker 24/3/1 constellation. These spare satellites can be activated and allocated to a given operational slot depending on maintenance or service evolution activities.
	The constellation geometry repetition period corresponding to the nominal orbital parameters is 10 days (corresponding to 17 orbital revolutions). This means that for any fixed Galileo user, the local satellite geometry at a given instant is repeated every 10 sideral days.		The constellation geometry repetition period corresponding to the nominal orbital parameters is 10 days (corresponding to 17 orbital revolutions). This means that for any fixed Galileo user, the local satellite geometry at a given instant is repeated every 10 sideral days.
	In the following table are shown the Nominal Value of the different Reference Orbit Parameters:		In the following table are shown the Nominal Value of the different Reference Orbit Parameters:

Gema.Cueto: /* Introduction */

2020-03-17T10:47:19Z

Introduction

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	* additional core infrastructure to service which support the provision of the Galileo service.		* additional core infrastructure to service which support the provision of the Galileo service.

	This infrastructure is organized in two segments, the [[GALILEO Space Segment\|Space Segment]] and the [[GALILEO Ground Segment\|Ground Segment]], to be complemented by the ~~users~~ receivers, which compose the [[GALILEO User Segment\|User Segment]].		This infrastructure is organized in two segments, the [[GALILEO Space Segment\|Space Segment]] and the [[GALILEO Ground Segment\|Ground Segment]], to be complemented by the user receivers, which compose the [[GALILEO User Segment\|User Segment]].

	==GALILEO Space Segment==		==GALILEO Space Segment==

Gema.Cueto: /* Introduction */

2019-05-17T09:18:20Z

Introduction

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:18, 17 May 2019
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	The Galileo infrastructure is composed of:		The Galileo infrastructure is composed of:
	* a constellation of 30 satellites (including 6 spares) in Medium-Earth Orbit (MEO). Each satellite ~~will contain~~ a navigation payload and a search and rescue transponder;		* a constellation of 30 satellites (including 6 spares) in Medium-Earth Orbit (MEO). Each satellite contains a navigation payload and a search and rescue transponder;
	* a global network of Galileo Sensor Stations (GSS) providing coverage for clock synchronisation and orbit measurements;		* a global network of Galileo Sensor Stations (GSS) providing coverage for clock synchronisation and orbit measurements;
	* two Control Centres;		* two Control Centres;

Gema.Cueto at 05:34, 17 May 2019

2019-05-17T05:34:50Z

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	\|+align="bottom" \|''Galileo Reference Orbit Parameters''		\|+align="bottom" \|''Galileo Reference Orbit Parameters''
	\|-		\|-
	\| Reference Orbit Parameter		! Reference Orbit Parameter
	\| Nominal Value		! Nominal Value
	\|- align="center"		\|- align="center"
	! Orbit semi-major axis, m		\| Orbit semi-major axis, m
	! 29599801		\| 29599801
	\|- align="center"		\|- align="center"
	! Orbit eccentricity		\| Orbit eccentricity
	! 1E-07		\| 1E-07
	\|- align="center"		\|- align="center"
	! Orbit inclination, deg		\| Orbit inclination, deg
	\| 56.0		\| 56.0
	\|- align="center"		\|- align="center"

Gema.Cueto: /* GALILEO Space Segment */

2019-05-17T05:33:41Z

GALILEO Space Segment

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 The main functions of the [[GALILEO Space Segment|Galileo Space Segment]] are to generate and transmit code and carrier phase signals with a specific [[GALILEO Signal Plan|Galileo signal structure]], and to store and retransmit the navigation message sent by the [[GALILEO Ground Segment|Control Segment]]. These transmissions are controlled by highly stable atomic clocks on board the satellites.
-When Galileo is fully operational, there will be 30 satellites in Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) at an altitude of 23,222 kilometres. The satellites will occupy each of three orbital planes inclined at an angle of 56° to the equator. The satellites will be spread evenly around each plane and will take about 14 hours to orbit the Earth. One satellite in each plane will be a spare, on stand-by should any operational satellite fail. The constellation will include 6 spare satellites, resulting a walker 24/3/1 constellation.
+When Galileo is fully operational, there will be 30 satellites in Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) at an altitude of 23,222 kilometres. The satellites will occupy each of three orbital planes inclined at an angle of 56° with respect to the equator. The satellites will be spread evenly around each plane and will take about 14 hours to orbit the Earth. One satellite in each plane will be a spare, on stand-by should any operational satellite fail. The constellation will include 6 spare satellites, resulting a walker 24/3/1 constellation. These spare satellites can be activated and allocated to a given operational slot depending on maintenance or service evolution activities. Each orbital plane includes 8 satellites uniformly distributed within the plane. The angular shift between satellites in two adjacent planes is 15º.
 Highly accurate atomic clocks are installed on these satellites. Each of the 30 satellites in the Galileo system has two of each type of clock on board, a rubidium and a hydrogen maser clock. The frequency is at around 6 GHz for the rubidium clock and at around 1.4 GHz for the hydrogen clock. The Galileo system uses the clock frequency as a very stable reference by which other units can generate the accurate signals that the Galileo satellites will broadcast. The broadcast signals also provide a reference by which the less stable user receiver clocks can continuously reset their time.

Claudia.Prajanu at 16:20, 2 April 2019

2019-04-02T16:20:26Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:20, 2 April 2019
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	\|Title={{PAGENAME}}		\|Title={{PAGENAME}}
	}}		}}
	The [[GALILEO General Introduction\|Galileo]] System is an independent, global, European-controlled, satellite-based navigation system and will provide a number of guaranteed services to users equipped with Galileo-compatible receivers.		The [[GALILEO General Introduction\|Galileo]] System is an independent, global, European-controlled, satellite-based navigation system and will provide a number of guaranteed services to users equipped with Galileo-compatible receivers once it achieves its Full Operational Capability foreseen for 2020. From 2016, Galileo moved from a testing phase to the provision of life services thanks to the Galileo Initial Services declaration.

	To ensure GALILEO services, a specific architecture is deployed, that consists of 30 satellites, to be deployed in a staggered approach, and the associated ground infrastructure.<ref name="Galileo-OS-SDD">[https://www.gsc-europa.eu/system/files/galileo_documents/Galileo-OS-SDD.pdf Galileo Open Service - Service Definition Document]</ref> The Galileo system is divided into three major segments: [[GALILEO Space Segment\|Space Segment]], [[GALILEO Ground Segment\|Ground Segment]] and [[GALILEO User Segment\|User Segment]].		To ensure GALILEO services, a specific architecture is deployed, that consists of 30 satellites, to be deployed in a staggered approach, and the associated ground infrastructure.<ref name="Galileo-OS-SDD">[https://www.gsc-europa.eu/system/files/galileo_documents/Galileo-OS-SDD.pdf Galileo Open Service - Service Definition Document]</ref> The Galileo system is divided into three major segments: [[GALILEO Space Segment\|Space Segment]], [[GALILEO Ground Segment\|Ground Segment]] and [[GALILEO User Segment\|User Segment]].
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	* two Control Centres;		* two Control Centres;
	* a network of Mission Uplink stations;		* a network of Mission Uplink stations;
	* ~~several~~ Telemetry, Tracking and Control (TT&C) stations.		* Telemetry, Tracking and Control (TT&C) stations.
	* additional core infrastructure to service which support the provision of the Galileo service.		* additional core infrastructure to service which support the provision of the Galileo service.

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	When Galileo is fully operational, there will be 30 satellites in Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) at an altitude of 23,222 kilometres. The satellites will occupy each of three orbital planes inclined at an angle of 56° to the equator. The satellites will be spread evenly around each plane and will take about 14 hours to orbit the Earth. One satellite in each plane will be a spare, on stand-by should any operational satellite fail. The constellation will include 6 spare satellites, resulting a walker 24/3/1 constellation.		When Galileo is fully operational, there will be 30 satellites in Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) at an altitude of 23,222 kilometres. The satellites will occupy each of three orbital planes inclined at an angle of 56° to the equator. The satellites will be spread evenly around each plane and will take about 14 hours to orbit the Earth. One satellite in each plane will be a spare, on stand-by should any operational satellite fail. The constellation will include 6 spare satellites, resulting a walker 24/3/1 constellation.

	Highly accurate atomic clocks are installed on these satellites. Each of the 30 satellites in the Galileo system ~~will have~~ two of each type of clock on board, a rubidium and a hydrogen maser clock. The frequency is at around 6 GHz for the rubidium clock and at around 1.4 GHz for the hydrogen clock. The Galileo system uses the clock frequency as a very stable reference by which other units can generate the accurate signals that the Galileo satellites will broadcast. The broadcast signals ~~will~~ also provide a reference by which the less stable user receiver clocks can continuously reset their time.		Highly accurate atomic clocks are installed on these satellites. Each of the 30 satellites in the Galileo system has two of each type of clock on board, a rubidium and a hydrogen maser clock. The frequency is at around 6 GHz for the rubidium clock and at around 1.4 GHz for the hydrogen clock. The Galileo system uses the clock frequency as a very stable reference by which other units can generate the accurate signals that the Galileo satellites will broadcast. The broadcast signals also provide a reference by which the less stable user receiver clocks can continuously reset their time.

	The satellites are deployed gradually according to the [[GALILEO_Future_and_Evolutions\|Galileo Program schedule]].		The satellites are deployed gradually according to the [[GALILEO_Future_and_Evolutions\|Galileo Program schedule]].