Electronic Bracelets - Revision history

Claudia.Prajanu at 15:39, 16 September 2018

2018-09-16T15:39:45Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:39, 16 September 2018
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	\|YearOfPublication=2011		\|YearOfPublication=2011
	\|Logo=GMV		\|Logo=GMV
	~~\|Title={{PAGENAME}}~~
	}}		}}
	The Electronic Bracelets are an example of [[Personal Trackers\|personal tracking]] products, meant to control prison populations, house arrests or protecting victims of crimes.		The Electronic Bracelets are an example of [[Personal Trackers\|personal tracking]] products, meant to control prison populations, house arrests or protecting victims of crimes.
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	== Product Examples ==		== Product Examples ==

	The following Manufacturers are producing GNSS Electronic Monitoring Devices and application platforms for house arrests<ref>~~[http://www.gps-practice-and-fun.com/offender-tracking.html~~ GPS practice and fun site] - Offender tracking</ref>:		The following Manufacturers are producing GNSS Electronic Monitoring Devices and application platforms for house arrests<ref> GPS practice and fun site - Offender tracking</ref>:
	* [http://www.tarheelmonitoring.com Tarheel monitoring]		* [http://www.tarheelmonitoring.com Tarheel monitoring]
	* [http://www.questguard.com/ Quest Guard]		* [http://www.questguard.com/ Quest Guard]
	* [http://safetracksgps.ca/ Safe Tracks]		* [http://safetracksgps.ca/ Safe Tracks]
	* [http://www.isecuretrac.com/ iSECUREtrac] GPS-based systems consisting of a Personal Tracking Unit and a web based platform.		* [http://www.isecuretrac.com/ iSECUREtrac] GPS-based systems consisting of a Personal Tracking Unit and a web based platform.
	* ~~[http://bi.com/~~ BI Behavioral Interventions]		* BI Behavioral Interventions

Filipe.Pelica: Included editor logo.

2014-09-18T17:00:31Z

Included editor logo.

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:00, 18 September 2014
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	\|Level=Basic		\|Level=Basic
	\|YearOfPublication=2011		\|YearOfPublication=2011
			\|Logo=GMV
	\|Title={{PAGENAME}}		\|Title={{PAGENAME}}
	}}		}}

Filipe.Pelica: fixed broken link.

2014-09-09T10:46:37Z

fixed broken link.

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:46, 9 September 2014
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	The most obvious application of electronic bracelets is the tracking of persons charged with a crime that requires home monitoring.		The most obvious application of electronic bracelets is the tracking of persons charged with a crime that requires home monitoring.

	Electronic bracelets are becoming a common alternative to imprisonment, for selected probationers, providing a command and control platform, as well as an extra layer of supervision to the community at large.<ref>[http://www.mass.gov/courts/probation/elmofactsheet.pdf The Electronic Monitoring Program] - 2010 Fact Sheet - The Massachusetts Probation Service</ref>		Electronic bracelets are becoming a common alternative to imprisonment, for selected probationers, providing a command and control platform, as well as an extra layer of supervision to the community at large.<ref>[http://www.mass.gov/courts/docs/probation/elmofactsheet.pdf The Electronic Monitoring Program] - 2010 Fact Sheet - The Massachusetts Probation Service</ref>

	This system consists in the bracelet equipment applied in the offender and by a secure command and control website, operated by the police officers, which has the capability to display offender’s position and keep a registry of activities.		This system consists in the bracelet equipment applied in the offender and by a secure command and control website, operated by the police officers, which has the capability to display offender’s position and keep a registry of activities.

Carlos.Lopez at 10:50, 23 February 2012

2012-02-23T10:50:29Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:50, 23 February 2012
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	{{Article Infobox2		{{Article Infobox2
	\|Category=Applications		\|Category=Applications
	\|Editors=GMV ~~A.D.~~		\|Editors=GMV
	\|Level=Basic		\|Level=Basic
	\|YearOfPublication=2011		\|YearOfPublication=2011

Carlos.Lopez at 10:39, 23 February 2012

2012-02-23T10:39:52Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:39, 23 February 2012
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	{{Article Infobox2		{{Article Infobox2
	\|Category=Applications		\|Category=Applications
	\|~~Title={{PAGENAME}}~~		\|Editors=GMV A.D.
	~~\|Authors~~=GMV
	\|Level=Basic		\|Level=Basic
	\|YearOfPublication=2011		\|YearOfPublication=2011
	\|~~Logo~~=~~GMV~~		\|Title={{PAGENAME}}
	}}		}}

	The Electronic Bracelets are an example of [[Personal Trackers\|personal tracking]] products, meant to control prison populations, house arrests or protecting victims of crimes.		The Electronic Bracelets are an example of [[Personal Trackers\|personal tracking]] products, meant to control prison populations, house arrests or protecting victims of crimes.

Rui.Pereira at 00:22, 30 April 2011

2011-04-30T00:22:27Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:22, 30 April 2011
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	The Electronic Bracelets are an example of [[Personal Trackers\|personal tracking]] products, meant to control prison populations, house arrests or protecting victims of crimes.		The Electronic Bracelets are an example of [[Personal Trackers\|personal tracking]] products, meant to control prison populations, house arrests or protecting victims of crimes.

	These systems are designed to serve as alternative to prison ~~for situation determined in trial~~, as well as to monitor post-sentence behaviors for some sort of crimes, such as child molesters or other types of sex offenders.		These systems are designed to serve as alternative to prison, as well as to monitor post-sentence behaviors for some sort of crimes, such as child molesters or other types of sex offenders.


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	* '''Home facilities geofence''': In case an offender leaves his or her home at a time not authorized by a judge, an alert (auditory and visual) indicates that the probationer is out of the defined [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geofence geofence].		* '''Home facilities geofence''': In case an offender leaves his or her home at a time not authorized by a judge, an alert (auditory and visual) indicates that the probationer is out of the defined [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geofence geofence].
	* '''Prevent destruction or removal''': In case the bracelet is removed or destroyed, a sensor will indicate this violation and an alert is ~~arise~~ in the command and control website.		* '''Prevent destruction or removal''': In case the bracelet is removed or destroyed, a sensor will indicate this violation and an alert is raised in the command and control website.
	* '''Track an evasion''': In case the offender steps away ~~out of~~ the defined geofence, an arrest warrant is issued and the suspect can be easily tracked.		* '''Track an evasion''': In case the offender steps away from the defined geofence, an arrest warrant is issued and the suspect can be easily tracked.
	* '''Grant a restrained freedom''': In some situations some offenders can continue to carry their jobs within a defined geofence, without issuing an alert.		* '''Grant a restrained freedom''': In some situations some offenders can continue to carry their jobs within a defined geofence, without issuing an alert.
	* '''Detection of infractions''': These systems can also be programmed to detect speeding situations, when the offenders are allowed to drive.		* '''Detection of infractions''': These systems can also be programmed to detect speeding situations, when the offenders are allowed to drive.
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	The GNSS bracelet devices are labeled in two different types, the active and the passive units<ref>[http://www.ehow.com/how-does_4965552_gps-ankle-bracelet-work.html#ixzz1KTsAmY5M eHow.com] How Does a GPS Ankle Bracelet Work?</ref>:		The GNSS bracelet devices are labeled in two different types, the active and the passive units<ref>[http://www.ehow.com/how-does_4965552_gps-ankle-bracelet-work.html#ixzz1KTsAmY5M eHow.com] How Does a GPS Ankle Bracelet Work?</ref>:

	* '''Active units''': These devices collect the offenders data and position in real time, leaving little chance for the tracked person to ~~trespasses~~ the geofence. The GNSS devices send the data to the command and control website which allow the police officers to get the location of the offender immediately.		* '''Active units''': These devices collect the offenders data and position in real time, leaving little chance for the tracked person to trespass the geofence. The GNSS devices send the data to the command and control website which allow the police officers to get the location of the offender immediately.

	* '''Passive units''': These devices collect the offender’s data that is stored throughout his daily activities. The person tracked connects the unit daily in a docking station. This station is plugged into a power outlet, to recharge the device, and to the offender’s home phone line. The police officers then evaluate the data through the command and control website to verify where the offender was through the course of the day.		* '''Passive units''': These devices collect the offender’s data that is stored throughout his daily activities. The person tracked connects the unit daily in a docking station. This station is plugged into a power outlet, to recharge the device, and to the offender’s home phone line. The police officers then evaluate the data through the command and control website to verify where the offender was through the course of the day.

Duarte.Sampaio: /* Product Description */

2011-04-29T08:37:08Z

Product Description

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:37, 29 April 2011
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	The most obvious application of electronic bracelets is the tracking of persons charged with a crime that requires home monitoring.		The most obvious application of electronic bracelets is the tracking of persons charged with a crime that requires home monitoring.

	Electronic bracelets are becoming a common alternative to ~~incarceration and to provide a control and accountability structure~~ for selected probationers, as well as ~~to provide~~ an extra layer of supervision to the community at large.<ref>[http://www.mass.gov/courts/probation/elmofactsheet.pdf The Electronic Monitoring Program] - 2010 Fact Sheet - The Massachusetts Probation Service</ref>		Electronic bracelets are becoming a common alternative to imprisonment, for selected probationers, providing a command and control platform, as well as an extra layer of supervision to the community at large.<ref>[http://www.mass.gov/courts/probation/elmofactsheet.pdf The Electronic Monitoring Program] - 2010 Fact Sheet - The Massachusetts Probation Service</ref>

	This system consists in the bracelet equipment applied in the offender and by a secure command and control website, operated by the police officers, which has the capability to display offender’s position and keep a registry of activities.		This system consists in the bracelet equipment applied in the offender and by a secure command and control website, operated by the police officers, which has the capability to display offender’s position and keep a registry of activities.
Line 33:		Line 33:

	The accuracy required by these applications is low. The current accuracy provided by civilian GPS is enough for these applications. Availability, however, can be reduced due to urban environments, but it can be improved with the Assisted-GPS technology.		The accuracy required by these applications is low. The current accuracy provided by civilian GPS is enough for these applications. Availability, however, can be reduced due to urban environments, but it can be improved with the Assisted-GPS technology.


	== Product Characterization ==		== Product Characterization ==

Rui.Pereira at 00:10, 28 April 2011

2011-04-28T00:10:20Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:10, 28 April 2011
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	\|Category=Applications		\|Category=Applications
	\|Title={{PAGENAME}}		\|Title={{PAGENAME}}
	\|Authors=~~Rui Barradas Pereira.~~		\|Authors=GMV
	\|Level=Basic		\|Level=Basic
	\|YearOfPublication=2011		\|YearOfPublication=2011
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	The Electronic Bracelets are an example of [[Personal Trackers\|personal tracking]] products, meant to control prison populations, house arrests or protecting victims of crimes.		The Electronic Bracelets are an example of [[Personal Trackers\|personal tracking]] products, meant to control prison populations, house arrests or protecting victims of crimes.

	These systems are ~~design~~ to serve as alternative to prison for situation determined in trial, as well as to monitor post-sentence behaviors for some sort of crimes, such as child molesters or other types of sex offenders.		These systems are designed to serve as alternative to prison for situation determined in trial, as well as to monitor post-sentence behaviors for some sort of crimes, such as child molesters or other types of sex offenders.


	== Product Description ==		== Product Description ==

	The most obvious ~~association with GNSS~~ bracelets is the tracking of persons charged with a crime that ~~require~~ home monitoring.		The most obvious application of electronic bracelets is the tracking of persons charged with a crime that requires home monitoring.

	~~Although, the electronic~~ bracelets are becoming a common alternative to incarceration and to provide a control and accountability structure for selected probationers, as well as to provide an extra layer of supervision to the community at large.<ref>[http://www.mass.gov/courts/probation/elmofactsheet.pdf The Electronic Monitoring Program] - 2010 Fact Sheet - The Massachusetts Probation Service</ref>		Electronic bracelets are becoming a common alternative to incarceration and to provide a control and accountability structure for selected probationers, as well as to provide an extra layer of supervision to the community at large.<ref>[http://www.mass.gov/courts/probation/elmofactsheet.pdf The Electronic Monitoring Program] - 2010 Fact Sheet - The Massachusetts Probation Service</ref>

	This system consists in the bracelet equipment applied in the offender and by a secure command and control website, operated by the police officers, which has the capability to display ~~offenders awareness situation~~ and keep a registry of activities.		This system consists in the bracelet equipment applied in the offender and by a secure command and control website, operated by the police officers, which has the capability to display offender’s position and keep a registry of activities.

	The Electronic Bracelets systems usually offer the following capabilities:		The Electronic Bracelets systems usually offer the following capabilities:
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	* '''Track an evasion''': In case the offender steps away out of the defined geofence, an arrest warrant is issued and the suspect can be easily tracked.		* '''Track an evasion''': In case the offender steps away out of the defined geofence, an arrest warrant is issued and the suspect can be easily tracked.
	* '''Grant a restrained freedom''': In some situations some offenders can continue to carry their jobs within a defined geofence, without issuing an alert.		* '''Grant a restrained freedom''': In some situations some offenders can continue to carry their jobs within a defined geofence, without issuing an alert.
	* '''Detection of infractions''': ~~This~~ systems can also be programmed to detect speeding ~~situation~~, when the offenders are allowed to drive.		* '''Detection of infractions''': These systems can also be programmed to detect speeding situations, when the offenders are allowed to drive.
	* '''Victims protection''': The geofence mechanism can also be used to detect if the offender enters in forbidden areas, for instance in domestic violence or child molester situations. In domestic violence case, if the offender happens to enter in an exclusion geofence, the police can act and notify the victim about the situation.<ref>[http://www.dailycampus.com/commentary/editorial-gps-bracelets-would-deter-domestic-violence-1.1278010 GPS bracelets would deter domestic violence]</ref> Vicinities of schools can also be defined as exclusion zones for child molesters, forbidden to be nearby these facilities.		* '''Victims protection''': The geofence mechanism can also be used to detect if the offender enters in forbidden areas, for instance in domestic violence or child molester situations. In domestic violence case, if the offender happens to enter in an exclusion geofence, the police can act and notify the victim about the situation.<ref>[http://www.dailycampus.com/commentary/editorial-gps-bracelets-would-deter-domestic-violence-1.1278010 GPS bracelets would deter domestic violence]</ref> Vicinities of schools can also be defined as exclusion zones for child molesters, forbidden to be nearby these facilities.

	~~These products~~ are considered as ~~non-~~critical ~~products~~.		The applications for which electronic bracelets are used are considered as safety critical applications.

	The accuracy required by these applications is low. The current accuracy provided by civilian GPS is enough for these applications. Availability, however, can be reduced due to urban environments, but it can be improved with the Assisted-GPS technology.		The accuracy required by these applications is low. The current accuracy provided by civilian GPS is enough for these applications. Availability, however, can be reduced due to urban environments, but it can be improved with the Assisted-GPS technology.
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	== Product Characterization ==		== Product Characterization ==

	~~The offenders tracking devices are the most evolute electronic bracelet devices and some systems are able to integrate GNSS with other legacy technologies.~~		Electronic bracelets are now moving from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio-frequency_identification RFID] to GNSS technology, which grants a more reliable product in terms of tracking needs. Some of these systems integrate the GNSS technology with other legacy technologies.

	~~The systems used for keep tracking of persons charged with a crime~~ are now moving from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio-frequency_identification RFID] to GNSS technology, which grants a more reliable product in terms of tracking needs.

	The GNSS bracelet devices are labeled in two different types, the active and the passive units:<ref>[http://www.ehow.com/how-does_4965552_gps-ankle-bracelet-work.html#ixzz1KTsAmY5M eHow.com] How Does a GPS Ankle Bracelet Work?</ref>		The GNSS bracelet devices are labeled in two different types, the active and the passive units<ref>[http://www.ehow.com/how-does_4965552_gps-ankle-bracelet-work.html#ixzz1KTsAmY5M eHow.com] How Does a GPS Ankle Bracelet Work?</ref>:

	* '''Active units''': These devices collect the offenders data and position in real time, leaving little chance for the tracked person to trespasses the geofence. The GNSS devices send the data to the command and control website which allow the police officers to get the location of the offender immediately.		* '''Active units''': These devices collect the offenders data and position in real time, leaving little chance for the tracked person to trespasses the geofence. The GNSS devices send the data to the command and control website which allow the police officers to get the location of the offender immediately.

	* '''Passive units''': These devices collect the ~~offenders~~ data, that is stored throughout his daily activities. The person tracked connects the unit daily in a docking station. This station is plugged into a power outlet, to recharge the device, and to the ~~offenders~~ home phone line. The police officers then evaluate the data through the command and control ~~website~~ website to verify where the offender was through the course of the day.		* '''Passive units''': These devices collect the offender’s data that is stored throughout his daily activities. The person tracked connects the unit daily in a docking station. This station is plugged into a power outlet, to recharge the device, and to the offender’s home phone line. The police officers then evaluate the data through the command and control website to verify where the offender was through the course of the day.

	The ~~data collected is based on few different variables, such as~~ position ~~information~~, ~~which allow to pinpoint the positions in a map. The offenders~~ direction, traveling speed, time of day and date can be all monitored, for both types of units.		The offender’s position, direction, traveling speed, time of day and date can be all monitored, for both types of units, allowing for the system to pinpoint positions on a map.


	== Product Examples ==		== Product Examples ==

	The following Manufacturers are producing GNSS Electronic Monitoring Devices and ~~appication~~ platforms for house arrests<ref>[http://www.gps-practice-and-fun.com/offender-tracking.html GPS practice and fun site] - Offender tracking</ref>:		The following Manufacturers are producing GNSS Electronic Monitoring Devices and application platforms for house arrests<ref>[http://www.gps-practice-and-fun.com/offender-tracking.html GPS practice and fun site] - Offender tracking</ref>:
	* [http://www.tarheelmonitoring.com Tarheel monitoring]		* [http://www.tarheelmonitoring.com Tarheel monitoring]
	* [http://www.questguard.com/ Quest Guard]		* [http://www.questguard.com/ Quest Guard]

Duarte.Sampaio at 16:17, 26 April 2011

2011-04-26T16:17:11Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:17, 26 April 2011
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	* '''Prevent destruction or removal''': In case the bracelet is removed or destroyed, a sensor will indicate this violation and an alert is arise in the command and control website.		* '''Prevent destruction or removal''': In case the bracelet is removed or destroyed, a sensor will indicate this violation and an alert is arise in the command and control website.
	* '''Track an evasion''': In case the offender steps away out of the defined geofence, an arrest warrant is issued and the suspect can be easily tracked.		* '''Track an evasion''': In case the offender steps away out of the defined geofence, an arrest warrant is issued and the suspect can be easily tracked.
	* '''Grant a restrained freedom''': In some situations some offenders can continue to carry their jobs, within a defined geofence, without issuing an alert.		* '''Grant a restrained freedom''': In some situations some offenders can continue to carry their jobs within a defined geofence, without issuing an alert.
	* '''Detection of infractions''': This systems can also be programmed to detect speeding situation, when the offenders are allowed to drive.		* '''Detection of infractions''': This systems can also be programmed to detect speeding situation, when the offenders are allowed to drive.
	* '''Victims protection''': The geofence mechanism can also be used to detect if the offender enters in forbidden areas, for instance in domestic violence or child molester situations. In domestic violence case, if the offender happens to enter in an exclusion geofence, the police can act and notify the victim about the situation.<ref>[http://www.dailycampus.com/commentary/editorial-gps-bracelets-would-deter-domestic-violence-1.1278010 GPS bracelets would deter domestic violence]</ref> Vicinities of schools can also be defined as exclusion zones for child molesters, forbidden to be nearby these facilities.		* '''Victims protection''': The geofence mechanism can also be used to detect if the offender enters in forbidden areas, for instance in domestic violence or child molester situations. In domestic violence case, if the offender happens to enter in an exclusion geofence, the police can act and notify the victim about the situation.<ref>[http://www.dailycampus.com/commentary/editorial-gps-bracelets-would-deter-domestic-violence-1.1278010 GPS bracelets would deter domestic violence]</ref> Vicinities of schools can also be defined as exclusion zones for child molesters, forbidden to be nearby these facilities.

Duarte.Sampaio at 16:15, 26 April 2011

2011-04-26T16:15:43Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:15, 26 April 2011
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	The Electronic Bracelets are an example of [[Personal Trackers\|personal tracking]] products, meant to control prison populations, house arrests or protecting victims of crimes.		The Electronic Bracelets are an example of [[Personal Trackers\|personal tracking]] products, meant to control prison populations, house arrests or protecting victims of crimes.

	These systems are design to serve as alternative to prison for situation determined in trial, as well as, to monitor post-sentence behaviors for some sort of crimes, such as child molesters or other types of sex offenders.		These systems are design to serve as alternative to prison for situation determined in trial, as well as to monitor post-sentence behaviors for some sort of crimes, such as child molesters or other types of sex offenders.


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	The most obvious association with GNSS bracelets is the tracking of persons charged with a crime that require home monitoring.		The most obvious association with GNSS bracelets is the tracking of persons charged with a crime that require home monitoring.

	Although, the electronic bracelets are ~~now~~ a common alternative to incarceration and to provide a control and accountability structure for selected probationers, as well as to provide an extra layer of supervision to the community at large.<ref>[http://www.mass.gov/courts/probation/elmofactsheet.pdf The Electronic Monitoring Program] - 2010 Fact Sheet - The Massachusetts Probation Service</ref>		Although, the electronic bracelets are becoming a common alternative to incarceration and to provide a control and accountability structure for selected probationers, as well as to provide an extra layer of supervision to the community at large.<ref>[http://www.mass.gov/courts/probation/elmofactsheet.pdf The Electronic Monitoring Program] - 2010 Fact Sheet - The Massachusetts Probation Service</ref>

	This system consists in the bracelet equipment applied in the offender and by a secure command and control website, operated by the police officers, which has the capability to display offenders awareness situation and keep a registry of activities.		This system consists in the bracelet equipment applied in the offender and by a secure command and control website, operated by the police officers, which has the capability to display offenders awareness situation and keep a registry of activities.
Line 24:		Line 24:

	* '''Home facilities geofence''': In case an offender leaves his or her home at a time not authorized by a judge, an alert (auditory and visual) indicates that the probationer is out of the defined [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geofence geofence].		* '''Home facilities geofence''': In case an offender leaves his or her home at a time not authorized by a judge, an alert (auditory and visual) indicates that the probationer is out of the defined [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geofence geofence].
	* '''Prevent destruction or removal''': In case the bracelet is removed or destroyed, a sensor will indicate this violation and an alert is arise.		* '''Prevent destruction or removal''': In case the bracelet is removed or destroyed, a sensor will indicate this violation and an alert is arise in the command and control website.
	* '''Track an evasion''': In case the offender steps away out of the defined geofence, an arrest warrant is issued and the suspect can be easily tracked.		* '''Track an evasion''': In case the offender steps away out of the defined geofence, an arrest warrant is issued and the suspect can be easily tracked.
	* '''Grant a restrained freedom''': In some situations some offenders can continue to carry their jobs, within a defined geofence, without issuing an alert.		* '''Grant a restrained freedom''': In some situations some offenders can continue to carry their jobs, within a defined geofence, without issuing an alert.
	* '''Detection of infractions''': This systems can also be programmed to detect speeding situation, when the offenders are allowed to drive.		* '''Detection of infractions''': This systems can also be programmed to detect speeding situation, when the offenders are allowed to drive.
	* '''Victims protection''': The geofence mechanism can also be used to detect if the offender enters in forbidden areas, for instance in domestic violence situations. In case the offender happens to enter in an exclusion geofence, the police can act and notify the victim about the situation<ref>[http://www.dailycampus.com/commentary/editorial-gps-bracelets-would-deter-domestic-violence-1.1278010 GPS bracelets would deter domestic violence]</ref>.		* '''Victims protection''': The geofence mechanism can also be used to detect if the offender enters in forbidden areas, for instance in domestic violence or child molester situations. In domestic violence case, if the offender happens to enter in an exclusion geofence, the police can act and notify the victim about the situation.<ref>[http://www.dailycampus.com/commentary/editorial-gps-bracelets-would-deter-domestic-violence-1.1278010 GPS bracelets would deter domestic violence]</ref> Vicinities of schools can also be defined as exclusion zones for child molesters, forbidden to be nearby these facilities.


	These products are considered as non-critical products.		These products are considered as non-critical products.

	The accuracy required by these applications is low. The current accuracy provided by civilian GPS is enough for these applications. Availability, however, can be reduced due to urban environments, but it can be improved by with the Assisted-GPS technology.		The accuracy required by these applications is low. The current accuracy provided by civilian GPS is enough for these applications. Availability, however, can be reduced due to urban environments, but it can be improved with the Assisted-GPS technology.



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	The systems used for keep tracking of persons charged with a crime are now moving from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio-frequency_identification RFID] to GNSS technology, which grants a more reliable product in terms of tracking needs.		The systems used for keep tracking of persons charged with a crime are now moving from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio-frequency_identification RFID] to GNSS technology, which grants a more reliable product in terms of tracking needs.

	The GNSS bracelet devices are labeled in two different types, the active and the passive units<ref>[http://www.ehow.com/how-does_4965552_gps-ankle-bracelet-work.html#ixzz1KTsAmY5M eHow.com] How Does a GPS Ankle Bracelet Work?</ref>:		The GNSS bracelet devices are labeled in two different types, the active and the passive units:<ref>[http://www.ehow.com/how-does_4965552_gps-ankle-bracelet-work.html#ixzz1KTsAmY5M eHow.com] How Does a GPS Ankle Bracelet Work?</ref>

	* '''Active units''': These devices collect the offenders data and position in real time, leaving little chance for the tracked person to trespasses the geofence. The GNSS devices send the data to a command and control website which allow the police officers to get the location of the offender immediately.		* '''Active units''': These devices collect the offenders data and position in real time, leaving little chance for the tracked person to trespasses the geofence. The GNSS devices send the data to the command and control website which allow the police officers to get the location of the offender immediately.

	* '''Passive units''': These devices collect the offenders data, that is stored throughout his daily activities. The person tracked connects the unit daily in a docking station. This station is plugged into a power outlet and the offenders home phone line. The police officers then evaluate the data through the command and control website website to ~~see~~ where the offender was through the course of the day.		* '''Passive units''': These devices collect the offenders data, that is stored throughout his daily activities. The person tracked connects the unit daily in a docking station. This station is plugged into a power outlet, to recharge the device, and to the offenders home phone line. The police officers then evaluate the data through the command and control website website to verify where the offender was through the course of the day.

	The data collected is based on few different variables, such as position information, which allow to pinpoint the positions in a map. The offenders direction, traveling speed, time of day and date ~~are~~ all monitored, for both types of units.		The data collected is based on few different variables, such as position information, which allow to pinpoint the positions in a map. The offenders direction, traveling speed, time of day and date can be all monitored, for both types of units.


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	* [http://www.isecuretrac.com/ iSECUREtrac] GPS-based systems consisting of a Personal Tracking Unit and a web based platform.		* [http://www.isecuretrac.com/ iSECUREtrac] GPS-based systems consisting of a Personal Tracking Unit and a web based platform.
	* [http://bi.com/ BI Behavioral Interventions]		* [http://bi.com/ BI Behavioral Interventions]

	~~GNSS Wildlife tracking systems:~~
	* [http://www.televilt.se/ Televilt ] This company manufacture three different types of collars as well as backpacks for birds.
	* [http://www.telemetrysolutions.com/ Telemetry Solutions] A telemetry company involved in GPS wildlife tracking since 1998.
	* [http://www.blueskytelemetry.co.uk/ BlueSky Telemetry]
	* [http://www.telonics.com/ Telonics]