BeiDou Receivers - Revision history

Gema.Cueto: Updated reference ICD/SDD links

2026-04-17T14:14:58Z

Updated reference ICD/SDD links

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:14, 17 April 2026
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	In an analogous way, each system has its own [[Time References in GNSS\|time reference]] defined by the respective control segments; the time reference for BeiDou is called “BeiDou Time” ([[Time References in GNSS#BeiDou Time (BDT)\|BDT)]] and it is aligned with UTC.		In an analogous way, each system has its own [[Time References in GNSS\|time reference]] defined by the respective control segments; the time reference for BeiDou is called “BeiDou Time” ([[Time References in GNSS#BeiDou Time (BDT)\|BDT)]] and it is aligned with UTC.

	Each GNSS System transmits its own navigation message, defined in the respective Signal In Space Interface Control Document, SIS ICD, and whose content is used by receivers to compute their positions. The [http://~~gge~~.~~unb~~.ca/~~test~~/~~beidou_icd_english~~.pdf first version of the SIS ICD] for BeiDou B1I open service signal on 1561.098 MHz was released December 27 at a news conference held in Beijing by the Chinese State Council Information Office<ref>http://www.gpsworld.com/beidou-icd-released GPS World, January 2013</ref>.		Each GNSS System transmits its own navigation message, defined in the respective Signal In Space Interface Control Document, SIS ICD, and whose content is used by receivers to compute their positions. The [http://en.beidou.gov.cn/SYSTEMS/ICD/201902/P020190227702348791891.pdf first version of the SIS ICD] for BeiDou B1I open service signal on 1561.098 MHz was released December 27 at a news conference held in Beijing by the Chinese State Council Information Office<ref>http://www.gpsworld.com/beidou-icd-released GPS World, January 2013</ref>.

	GNSS signals modulation, structure, navigation message contents and formats are often different among signals from the same system and from different systems. Most of these characteristics are easily implemented at the receiver (e.g. requiring only “software modifications”, such as the use of different PRN codes or the ability to cope with different message structures). The main difference among GNSS receivers falls into the specific characteristics that have impact at RF level, such as the [[CDMA FDMA Techniques\|Multiple Access Techniques]] employed. BeiDou (as GPS and Galileo) uses CDMA techniques allowing a simpler RF module (than for example GLONASS), since all signals in the same frequency band have a common carrier. Nevertheless, BeiDou supports a [[BeiDou Services\|regional short message service]], which allows the user to send information to the stations. This additional communication link adds complexity to the receiver, and therefore potentially higher costs.		GNSS signals modulation, structure, navigation message contents and formats are often different among signals from the same system and from different systems. Most of these characteristics are easily implemented at the receiver (e.g. requiring only “software modifications”, such as the use of different PRN codes or the ability to cope with different message structures). The main difference among GNSS receivers falls into the specific characteristics that have impact at RF level, such as the [[CDMA FDMA Techniques\|Multiple Access Techniques]] employed. BeiDou (as GPS and Galileo) uses CDMA techniques allowing a simpler RF module (than for example GLONASS), since all signals in the same frequency band have a common carrier. Nevertheless, BeiDou supports a [[BeiDou Services\|regional short message service]], which allows the user to send information to the stations. This additional communication link adds complexity to the receiver, and therefore potentially higher costs.

Claudia.Prajanu at 15:47, 10 August 2018

2018-08-10T15:47:05Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:47, 10 August 2018
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	The [[BeiDou_General_Introduction\|BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS)]], also known as BeiDou-2<ref name=BDS_STATUS>~~[http://www.filasinternational.eu/sidereus-project/pdf/02.pdf~~ Compass/BeiDou Status], Jun Shen, BNStar Navigation Technology & System, Inc., Rome (Italy), June 11, 2009</ref>, is China’s second-generation satellite navigation system<ref name=BDS_STATUS/><ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beidou_Navigation_Satellite_System BeiDou Navigation Satellite System in Wikipedia]</ref> that will be capable of providing positioning, navigation, and timing services to users on a continuous worldwide basis<ref name=BDS_WORLDWIDE>~~[http://www.insidegnss.com/node/3590~~ BeiDou China’s Rapidly Emerging GNSS, InsideGNSS, May/June 2014]</ref>. The first and second generation of BeiDou receivers are already available, including the combination of GPS and BeiDou systems - currently limited to the available [[BeiDou Services\|regional services]] - with already over a thousand [[BeiDou User Segment\|users]].		The [[BeiDou_General_Introduction\|BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS)]], also known as BeiDou-2<ref name=BDS_STATUS> Compass/BeiDou Status, Jun Shen, BNStar Navigation Technology & System, Inc., Rome (Italy), June 11, 2009</ref>, is China’s second-generation satellite navigation system<ref name=BDS_STATUS/><ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beidou_Navigation_Satellite_System BeiDou Navigation Satellite System in Wikipedia]</ref> that will be capable of providing positioning, navigation, and timing services to users on a continuous worldwide basis<ref name=BDS_WORLDWIDE> BeiDou China’s Rapidly Emerging GNSS, InsideGNSS, May/June 2014</ref>. The first and second generation of BeiDou receivers are already available, including the combination of GPS and BeiDou systems - currently limited to the available [[BeiDou Services\|regional services]] - with already over a thousand [[BeiDou User Segment\|users]].


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	In an analogous way, each system has its own [[Time References in GNSS\|time reference]] defined by the respective control segments; the time reference for BeiDou is called “BeiDou Time” ([[Time References in GNSS#BeiDou Time (BDT)\|BDT)]] and it is aligned with UTC.		In an analogous way, each system has its own [[Time References in GNSS\|time reference]] defined by the respective control segments; the time reference for BeiDou is called “BeiDou Time” ([[Time References in GNSS#BeiDou Time (BDT)\|BDT)]] and it is aligned with UTC.

	Each GNSS System transmits its own navigation message, defined in the respective ~~[http://interact.beidou.gov.cn/interact/download.service?attachment=2013/12/26/20131226b8a6182fa73a4ab3a5f107f762283712.pdf~~ Signal In Space Interface Control Document, SIS ICD], and whose content is used by receivers to compute their positions. The [http://gge.unb.ca/test/beidou_icd_english.pdf first version of the SIS ICD] for BeiDou B1I open service signal on 1561.098 MHz was released December 27 at a news conference held in Beijing by the Chinese State Council Information Office<ref>http://www.gpsworld.com/beidou-icd-released GPS World, January 2013</ref>.		Each GNSS System transmits its own navigation message, defined in the respective Signal In Space Interface Control Document, SIS ICD, and whose content is used by receivers to compute their positions. The [http://gge.unb.ca/test/beidou_icd_english.pdf first version of the SIS ICD] for BeiDou B1I open service signal on 1561.098 MHz was released December 27 at a news conference held in Beijing by the Chinese State Council Information Office<ref>http://www.gpsworld.com/beidou-icd-released GPS World, January 2013</ref>.

	GNSS signals modulation, structure, navigation message contents and formats are often different among signals from the same system and from different systems. Most of these characteristics are easily implemented at the receiver (e.g. requiring only “software modifications”, such as the use of different PRN codes or the ability to cope with different message structures). The main difference among GNSS receivers falls into the specific characteristics that have impact at RF level, such as the [[CDMA FDMA Techniques\|Multiple Access Techniques]] employed. BeiDou (as GPS and Galileo) uses CDMA techniques allowing a simpler RF module (than for example GLONASS), since all signals in the same frequency band have a common carrier. Nevertheless, BeiDou supports a [[BeiDou Services\|regional short message service]], which allows the user to send information to the stations. This additional communication link adds complexity to the receiver, and therefore potentially higher costs.		GNSS signals modulation, structure, navigation message contents and formats are often different among signals from the same system and from different systems. Most of these characteristics are easily implemented at the receiver (e.g. requiring only “software modifications”, such as the use of different PRN codes or the ability to cope with different message structures). The main difference among GNSS receivers falls into the specific characteristics that have impact at RF level, such as the [[CDMA FDMA Techniques\|Multiple Access Techniques]] employed. BeiDou (as GPS and Galileo) uses CDMA techniques allowing a simpler RF module (than for example GLONASS), since all signals in the same frequency band have a common carrier. Nevertheless, BeiDou supports a [[BeiDou Services\|regional short message service]], which allows the user to send information to the stations. This additional communication link adds complexity to the receiver, and therefore potentially higher costs.

Filipe.Pelica: Included editor logo.

2014-09-18T17:19:16Z

Included editor logo.

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	\|YearOfPublication=2011		\|YearOfPublication=2011
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Filipe.Pelica at 11:57, 27 May 2014

2014-05-27T11:57:08Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:57, 27 May 2014
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	==BeiDou Receiver==		==BeiDou Receiver==

	The BeiDou User Segment consists of Beidou user terminals<ref name=BEIDOU_MUNICH_2011>China Satellite Navigation Office, Development of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, Munich Satellite Navigation Summit, 2011</ref>. The first ~~generation of BeiDou-1~~ terminals ~~emerged in 2003 with full RDSS function and communication terminal based on General Purpose ICs. The second generation~~ appeared in 2009 based in ASIC and comprising already GPS integration<ref>"Status of COMPASS Development", M. Lu, Stanford PNT Symposium 2010</ref>.		The BeiDou User Segment consists of Beidou user terminals<ref name=BEIDOU_MUNICH_2011>China Satellite Navigation Office, Development of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, Munich Satellite Navigation Summit, 2011</ref>. The first user terminals appeared in 2009 based in ASIC and comprising already GPS integration<ref>"Status of COMPASS Development", M. Lu, Stanford PNT Symposium 2010</ref>.

Filipe.Pelica: /* Particularities */

2014-05-27T11:19:57Z

Particularities

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:19, 27 May 2014
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	In an analogous way, each system has its own [[Time References in GNSS\|time reference]] defined by the respective control segments; the time reference for BeiDou is called “BeiDou Time” ([[Time References in GNSS#BeiDou Time (BDT)\|BDT)]] and it is aligned with UTC.		In an analogous way, each system has its own [[Time References in GNSS\|time reference]] defined by the respective control segments; the time reference for BeiDou is called “BeiDou Time” ([[Time References in GNSS#BeiDou Time (BDT)\|BDT)]] and it is aligned with UTC.

	Each GNSS System transmits its own navigation message, defined in the respective ~~Signal In Space Interface Control Documents, SIS ICD. As an example, the satellites transmit information that allows the receiver to compute their positions. The~~ [http://~~www~~.beidou.gov.cn/~~attach/2011/12/27~~/~~201112273f3be6124f7d4c7bac428a36cc1d1363~~.~~pdf BeiDou Navigation Satellite System Signal In Space Interface Control Document (Test Version)] was released in December 2011<ref>[http://www.beidou.gov.cn/attach/2011~~/12/27/~~201112273f3be6124f7d4c7bac428a36cc1d1363~~.pdf ~~BeiDou Navigation Satellite System~~ Signal In Space Interface Control Document ~~(Test Version)~~], ~~China Satellite Navigation Office, December 2011</ref>~~. The [http://gge.unb.ca/test/beidou_icd_english.pdf first version of the SIS ICD] for BeiDou B1I open service signal on 1561.098 MHz was released December 27 at a news conference held in Beijing by the Chinese State Council Information Office<ref>http://www.gpsworld.com/beidou-icd-released GPS World, January 2013</ref>.		Each GNSS System transmits its own navigation message, defined in the respective [http://interact.beidou.gov.cn/interact/download.service?attachment=2013/12/26/20131226b8a6182fa73a4ab3a5f107f762283712.pdf Signal In Space Interface Control Document, SIS ICD], and whose content is used by receivers to compute their positions. The [http://gge.unb.ca/test/beidou_icd_english.pdf first version of the SIS ICD] for BeiDou B1I open service signal on 1561.098 MHz was released December 27 at a news conference held in Beijing by the Chinese State Council Information Office<ref>http://www.gpsworld.com/beidou-icd-released GPS World, January 2013</ref>.

	GNSS signals modulation, structure, navigation message contents and formats are often different among signals from the same system and from different systems. Most of these characteristics are easily implemented at the receiver (e.g. requiring only “software modifications”, such as the use of different PRN codes or the ability to cope with different message structures). The main difference among GNSS receivers falls into the specific characteristics that have impact at RF level, such as the [[CDMA FDMA Techniques\|Multiple Access Techniques]] employed. BeiDou (as GPS and Galileo) uses CDMA techniques allowing a simpler RF module (than for example GLONASS), since all signals in the same frequency band have a common carrier. Nevertheless, BeiDou supports a [[BeiDou Services\|regional short message service]], which allows the user to send information to the stations. This additional communication link adds complexity to the receiver, and therefore potentially higher costs.		GNSS signals modulation, structure, navigation message contents and formats are often different among signals from the same system and from different systems. Most of these characteristics are easily implemented at the receiver (e.g. requiring only “software modifications”, such as the use of different PRN codes or the ability to cope with different message structures). The main difference among GNSS receivers falls into the specific characteristics that have impact at RF level, such as the [[CDMA FDMA Techniques\|Multiple Access Techniques]] employed. BeiDou (as GPS and Galileo) uses CDMA techniques allowing a simpler RF module (than for example GLONASS), since all signals in the same frequency band have a common carrier. Nevertheless, BeiDou supports a [[BeiDou Services\|regional short message service]], which allows the user to send information to the stations. This additional communication link adds complexity to the receiver, and therefore potentially higher costs.

	It should be noted that the current trend consists on facilitating the access of each system to the receivers, i.e. fomenting multi-constellation receivers. Hence, most discussions and agreements among the systems’ responsibles are conducted in the sense of taking this effort out of the user segment, focusing on [[Principles of Compatibility among GNSS\|compatibility]] and [[Principles of Interoperability among GNSS\|interoperability]] aspects in the system design.		It should be noted that the current trend consists on facilitating the access of each system to the receivers, i.e. fomenting multi-constellation receivers. Hence, most discussions and agreements among the systems’ responsibles are conducted in the sense of taking this effort out of the user segment, focusing on [[Principles of Compatibility among GNSS\|compatibility]] and [[Principles of Interoperability among GNSS\|interoperability]] aspects in the system design.


	==References==		==References==

Filipe.Pelica at 14:22, 26 May 2014

2014-05-26T14:22:20Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:22, 26 May 2014
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	{{Article Infobox2		{{Article Infobox2
	\|Category=~~COMPASS~~		\|Category=BEIDOU
	\|Editors=GMV		\|Editors=GMV
	\|Level=Basic		\|Level=Basic
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	\|Title={{PAGENAME}}		\|Title={{PAGENAME}}
	}}		}}
	The [[~~COMPASS General Introduction~~\|~~Compass~~ Navigation Satellite System (~~CNSS~~)]], also ~~named~~ BeiDou-2,<ref name=~~Chinese_today~~>[http://www.~~sinodefence~~.~~com~~/~~space~~/~~satellite~~/~~compass-beidou2~~.~~asp~~ Compass ~~Satellite~~ Navigation System (~~Beidou~~), ~~on Sinodefence.com~~, ~~updated on August 6th, 2011.]~~ </ref> is China’s second-generation satellite navigation system that will be capable of providing positioning, navigation, and timing services to users on a continuous worldwide basis<ref name=~~Chinese_today/><ref name=COMPASS_Wiki~~>[http://en.~~wikipedia~~.~~org~~/~~wiki~~/~~Compass_navigation_system COMPASS Navigation system in Wikipedia~~]</ref>. The first and second generation of ~~COMPASS~~ receivers are already available, including the combination of GPS and ~~COMPASS~~ systems - currently limited to the available [[~~COMPASS~~ Services\|regional services]] - with already over a thousand [[~~COMPASS~~ User Segment\|users]].		The [[BeiDou_General_Introduction\|BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS)]], also known as BeiDou-2<ref name=BDS_STATUS>[http://www.filasinternational.eu/sidereus-project/pdf/02.pdf Compass/BeiDou Status], Jun Shen, BNStar Navigation Technology & System, Inc., Rome (Italy), June 11, 2009</ref>, is China’s second-generation satellite navigation system<ref name=BDS_STATUS/><ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beidou_Navigation_Satellite_System BeiDou Navigation Satellite System in Wikipedia]</ref> that will be capable of providing positioning, navigation, and timing services to users on a continuous worldwide basis<ref name=BDS_WORLDWIDE>[http://www.insidegnss.com/node/3590 BeiDou China’s Rapidly Emerging GNSS, InsideGNSS, May/June 2014]</ref>. The first and second generation of BeiDou receivers are already available, including the combination of GPS and BeiDou systems - currently limited to the available [[BeiDou Services\|regional services]] - with already over a thousand [[BeiDou User Segment\|users]].


	==~~COMPASS~~ Receiver==		==BeiDou Receiver==

	The ~~COMPASS~~ User Segment consists of ~~COMPASS/~~Beidou user terminals<ref name=BEIDOU_MUNICH_2011>China Satellite Navigation Office, Development of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, Munich Satellite Navigation Summit, 2011</ref>. The first generation of BeiDou-1 terminals emerged in 2003 with full RDSS function and communication terminal based on General Purpose ICs. The second generation appeared in 2009 based in ASIC and comprising already GPS integration<ref>"Status of COMPASS Development", M. Lu, Stanford PNT Symposium 2010</ref>.		The BeiDou User Segment consists of Beidou user terminals<ref name=BEIDOU_MUNICH_2011>China Satellite Navigation Office, Development of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, Munich Satellite Navigation Summit, 2011</ref>. The first generation of BeiDou-1 terminals emerged in 2003 with full RDSS function and communication terminal based on General Purpose ICs. The second generation appeared in 2009 based in ASIC and comprising already GPS integration<ref>"Status of COMPASS Development", M. Lu, Stanford PNT Symposium 2010</ref>.


	==Particularities==		==Particularities==
	Each GNSS system uses a specific [[Reference Frames in GNSS\|Reference Frame]]; although a multi-constellation receiver is able to convert all information to the same common frame, a ~~COMPASS~~-only receiver uses the China Geodetic Coordinate System 2000 (CGCS2000), consistent with the International Terrestrial Reference System (ITRS).		Each GNSS system uses a specific [[Reference Frames in GNSS\|Reference Frame]]; although a multi-constellation receiver is able to convert all information to the same common frame, a BeiDou-only receiver uses the China Geodetic Coordinate System 2000 (CGCS2000), consistent with the International Terrestrial Reference System (ITRS).

	In an analogous way, each system has its own [[Time References in GNSS\|time reference]] defined by the respective control segments; the time reference for ~~COMPASS~~ is called “BeiDou Time” (BDT) and it is aligned with UTC.		In an analogous way, each system has its own [[Time References in GNSS\|time reference]] defined by the respective control segments; the time reference for BeiDou is called “BeiDou Time” ([[Time References in GNSS#BeiDou Time (BDT)\|BDT)]] and it is aligned with UTC.

	Each GNSS System transmits its own navigation message, defined in the respective Signal In Space Interface Control Documents, SIS ICD. As an example, the satellites transmit information that allows the receiver to compute their positions. The [http://www.beidou.gov.cn/attach/2011/12/27/201112273f3be6124f7d4c7bac428a36cc1d1363.pdf BeiDou Navigation Satellite System Signal In Space Interface Control Document (Test Version)] was released in December 2011<ref>[http://www.beidou.gov.cn/attach/2011/12/27/201112273f3be6124f7d4c7bac428a36cc1d1363.pdf BeiDou Navigation Satellite System Signal In Space Interface Control Document (Test Version)], China Satellite Navigation Office, December 2011</ref>. The [http://gge.unb.ca/test/beidou_icd_english.pdf first version of the SIS ICD] for BeiDou B1I open service signal on 1561.098 MHz was released December 27 at a news conference held in Beijing by the Chinese State Council Information Office<ref>http://www.gpsworld.com/beidou-icd-released GPS World, January 2013</ref>.		Each GNSS System transmits its own navigation message, defined in the respective Signal In Space Interface Control Documents, SIS ICD. As an example, the satellites transmit information that allows the receiver to compute their positions. The [http://www.beidou.gov.cn/attach/2011/12/27/201112273f3be6124f7d4c7bac428a36cc1d1363.pdf BeiDou Navigation Satellite System Signal In Space Interface Control Document (Test Version)] was released in December 2011<ref>[http://www.beidou.gov.cn/attach/2011/12/27/201112273f3be6124f7d4c7bac428a36cc1d1363.pdf BeiDou Navigation Satellite System Signal In Space Interface Control Document (Test Version)], China Satellite Navigation Office, December 2011</ref>. The [http://gge.unb.ca/test/beidou_icd_english.pdf first version of the SIS ICD] for BeiDou B1I open service signal on 1561.098 MHz was released December 27 at a news conference held in Beijing by the Chinese State Council Information Office<ref>http://www.gpsworld.com/beidou-icd-released GPS World, January 2013</ref>.

	GNSS signals modulation, structure, navigation message contents and formats are often different among signals from the same system and from different systems. Most of these characteristics are easily implemented at the receiver (e.g. requiring only “software modifications”, such as the use of different PRN codes or the ability to cope with different message structures). The main difference among GNSS receivers falls into the specific characteristics that have impact at RF level, such as the [[CDMA FDMA Techniques\|Multiple Access Techniques]] employed. ~~COMPASS~~ (as GPS and Galileo) uses CDMA techniques allowing a simpler RF module (than for example GLONASS), since all signals in the same frequency band have a common carrier. Nevertheless, ~~COMPASS~~ supports a [[~~COMPASS~~ Services\|regional short message service]], which allows the user to send information to the stations. This additional communication link adds complexity to the receiver, and therefore potentially higher costs.		GNSS signals modulation, structure, navigation message contents and formats are often different among signals from the same system and from different systems. Most of these characteristics are easily implemented at the receiver (e.g. requiring only “software modifications”, such as the use of different PRN codes or the ability to cope with different message structures). The main difference among GNSS receivers falls into the specific characteristics that have impact at RF level, such as the [[CDMA FDMA Techniques\|Multiple Access Techniques]] employed. BeiDou (as GPS and Galileo) uses CDMA techniques allowing a simpler RF module (than for example GLONASS), since all signals in the same frequency band have a common carrier. Nevertheless, BeiDou supports a [[BeiDou Services\|regional short message service]], which allows the user to send information to the stations. This additional communication link adds complexity to the receiver, and therefore potentially higher costs.

	It should be noted that the current trend consists on facilitating the access of each system to the receivers, i.e. fomenting multi-constellation receivers. Hence, most discussions and agreements among the systems’ responsibles are conducted in the sense of taking this effort out of the user segment, focusing on [[Principles of Compatibility among GNSS\|compatibility]] and [[Principles of Interoperability among GNSS\|interoperability]] aspects in the system design.		It should be noted that the current trend consists on facilitating the access of each system to the receivers, i.e. fomenting multi-constellation receivers. Hence, most discussions and agreements among the systems’ responsibles are conducted in the sense of taking this effort out of the user segment, focusing on [[Principles of Compatibility among GNSS\|compatibility]] and [[Principles of Interoperability among GNSS\|interoperability]] aspects in the system design.

	~~==Notes==~~
	~~<references group="footnotes"/>~~
	==References==		==References==
	<references/>		<references/>

	[[Category:~~COMPASS~~]]		[[Category:BEIDOU]]

Filipe.Pelica: Reverted edits by Filipe.Pelica (talk) to last revision by Teresa.Ferreira

2014-05-26T14:18:53Z

Reverted edits by Filipe.Pelica (talk) to last revision by Teresa.Ferreira

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:18, 26 May 2014
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	{{Article Infobox2		{{Article Infobox2
	\|Category=~~BEIDOU~~		\|Category=COMPASS
	\|Editors=GMV		\|Editors=GMV
	\|Level=Basic		\|Level=Basic
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	\|Title={{PAGENAME}}		\|Title={{PAGENAME}}
	}}		}}
	The [[~~BeiDou_General_Introduction~~\|~~BeiDou~~ Navigation Satellite System (~~BDS~~)]], also ~~known as~~ BeiDou-2<ref name=~~BDS_STATUS~~>[http://www.~~filasinternational~~.eu/~~sidereus-project~~/~~pdf~~/02.~~pdf~~ Compass~~/BeiDou Status], Jun Shen, BNStar~~ Navigation ~~Technology &~~ System, ~~Inc~~., ~~Rome (Italy)~~, ~~June 11, 2009~~</ref>, is China’s second-generation satellite navigation system~~<ref name=BDS_STATUS/><ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beidou_Navigation_Satellite_System BeiDou Navigation Satellite System in Wikipedia]</ref>~~ that will be capable of providing positioning, navigation, and timing services to users on a continuous worldwide basis<ref name=~~BDS_WORLDWIDE~~>[http://~~www~~.~~insidegnss~~.~~com~~/~~node~~/~~3590 BeiDou China’s Rapidly Emerging GNSS, InsideGNSS, May/June 2014~~]</ref>.		The [[COMPASS General Introduction\|Compass Navigation Satellite System (CNSS)]], also named BeiDou-2,<ref name=Chinese_today>[http://www.sinodefence.com/space/satellite/compass-beidou2.asp Compass Satellite Navigation System (Beidou), on Sinodefence.com, updated on August 6th, 2011.] </ref> is China’s second-generation satellite navigation system that will be capable of providing positioning, navigation, and timing services to users on a continuous worldwide basis<ref name=Chinese_today/><ref name=COMPASS_Wiki>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compass_navigation_system COMPASS Navigation system in Wikipedia]</ref>. The first and second generation of COMPASS receivers are already available, including the combination of GPS and COMPASS systems - currently limited to the available [[COMPASS Services\|regional services]] - with already over a thousand [[COMPASS User Segment\|users]].


	~~As for the other GNSSs, the main layers of BeiDou architecture are:~~		==COMPASS Receiver==
	*[[BeiDou Space Segment\|BeiDou Space Segment]]: By 2020, the space segment will consist of a constellation of 35 satellites, which include 5 geostationary orbit (GEO) satellites and 30 non-GSO satellites; 27 in Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) and 3 in Inclined Geosynchronous Orbit (IGSO). The constellation has been designed in order to provide a worldwide coverage<ref name=~~BEIDOU_MUNICH_2011>China Satellite Navigation Office, Development of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, Munich Satellite Navigation Summit, 2011</ref>.~~
	*[[BeiDou Ground Segment\|BeiDou Ground Segment]]: The components of the ground segment include a Master Control Station, Upload Stations and several Monitor Stations.<ref name=~~BEIDOU_MUNICH_2011/>~~
	*[[BeiDou User Segment\|BeiDou User Segment]]: The User Segment is composed of the BeiDou user terminals, which receive BeiDou navigation signals, determine pseudoranges (and other observables) and solve the navigation equations in order to obtain their coordinates. There is also an international cooperation in terms of Compatibility and Interoperability between BeiDou and other GNSSs, that will lead to terminals compatible with other GNSSs.<ref name=~~BEIDOU_MUNICH_2011/>~~

			The COMPASS User Segment consists of COMPASS/Beidou user terminals<ref name=BEIDOU_MUNICH_2011>China Satellite Navigation Office, Development of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, Munich Satellite Navigation Summit, 2011</ref>. The first generation of BeiDou-1 terminals emerged in 2003 with full RDSS function and communication terminal based on General Purpose ICs. The second generation appeared in 2009 based in ASIC and comprising already GPS integration<ref>"Status of COMPASS Development", M. Lu, Stanford PNT Symposium 2010</ref>.


			==Particularities==
			Each GNSS system uses a specific [[Reference Frames in GNSS\|Reference Frame]]; although a multi-constellation receiver is able to convert all information to the same common frame, a COMPASS-only receiver uses the China Geodetic Coordinate System 2000 (CGCS2000), consistent with the International Terrestrial Reference System (ITRS).

			In an analogous way, each system has its own [[Time References in GNSS\|time reference]] defined by the respective control segments; the time reference for COMPASS is called “BeiDou Time” (BDT) and it is aligned with UTC.

			Each GNSS System transmits its own navigation message, defined in the respective Signal In Space Interface Control Documents, SIS ICD. As an example, the satellites transmit information that allows the receiver to compute their positions. The [http://www.beidou.gov.cn/attach/2011/12/27/201112273f3be6124f7d4c7bac428a36cc1d1363.pdf BeiDou Navigation Satellite System Signal In Space Interface Control Document (Test Version)] was released in December 2011<ref>[http://www.beidou.gov.cn/attach/2011/12/27/201112273f3be6124f7d4c7bac428a36cc1d1363.pdf BeiDou Navigation Satellite System Signal In Space Interface Control Document (Test Version)], China Satellite Navigation Office, December 2011</ref>. The [http://gge.unb.ca/test/beidou_icd_english.pdf first version of the SIS ICD] for BeiDou B1I open service signal on 1561.098 MHz was released December 27 at a news conference held in Beijing by the Chinese State Council Information Office<ref>http://www.gpsworld.com/beidou-icd-released GPS World, January 2013</ref>.

			GNSS signals modulation, structure, navigation message contents and formats are often different among signals from the same system and from different systems. Most of these characteristics are easily implemented at the receiver (e.g. requiring only “software modifications”, such as the use of different PRN codes or the ability to cope with different message structures). The main difference among GNSS receivers falls into the specific characteristics that have impact at RF level, such as the [[CDMA FDMA Techniques\|Multiple Access Techniques]] employed. COMPASS (as GPS and Galileo) uses CDMA techniques allowing a simpler RF module (than for example GLONASS), since all signals in the same frequency band have a common carrier. Nevertheless, COMPASS supports a [[COMPASS Services\|regional short message service]], which allows the user to send information to the stations. This additional communication link adds complexity to the receiver, and therefore potentially higher costs.

			It should be noted that the current trend consists on facilitating the access of each system to the receivers, i.e. fomenting multi-constellation receivers. Hence, most discussions and agreements among the systems’ responsibles are conducted in the sense of taking this effort out of the user segment, focusing on [[Principles of Compatibility among GNSS\|compatibility]] and [[Principles of Interoperability among GNSS\|interoperability]] aspects in the system design.

			==Notes==
			<references group="footnotes"/>
	==References==		==References==
	<references/>		<references/>

			[[Category:COMPASS]]
	[[Category:~~BEIDOU~~]]

Filipe.Pelica at 14:17, 26 May 2014

2014-05-26T14:17:26Z

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	*[[BeiDou User Segment\|BeiDou User Segment]]: The User Segment is composed of the BeiDou user terminals, which receive BeiDou navigation signals, determine pseudoranges (and other observables) and solve the navigation equations in order to obtain their coordinates. There is also an international cooperation in terms of Compatibility and Interoperability between BeiDou and other GNSSs, that will lead to terminals compatible with other GNSSs.<ref name=BEIDOU_MUNICH_2011/>		*[[BeiDou User Segment\|BeiDou User Segment]]: The User Segment is composed of the BeiDou user terminals, which receive BeiDou navigation signals, determine pseudoranges (and other observables) and solve the navigation equations in order to obtain their coordinates. There is also an international cooperation in terms of Compatibility and Interoperability between BeiDou and other GNSSs, that will lead to terminals compatible with other GNSSs.<ref name=BEIDOU_MUNICH_2011/>

	~~==Notes==~~
	~~<references group="footnotes"/>~~
	==References==		==References==
	<references/>		<references/>

Filipe.Pelica at 14:17, 26 May 2014

2014-05-26T14:17:13Z

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	}}		}}
	The [[BeiDou_General_Introduction\|BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS)]], also known as BeiDou-2<ref name=BDS_STATUS>[http://www.filasinternational.eu/sidereus-project/pdf/02.pdf Compass/BeiDou Status], Jun Shen, BNStar Navigation Technology & System, Inc., Rome (Italy), June 11, 2009</ref>, is China’s second-generation satellite navigation system<ref name=BDS_STATUS/><ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beidou_Navigation_Satellite_System BeiDou Navigation Satellite System in Wikipedia]</ref> that will be capable of providing positioning, navigation, and timing services to users on a continuous worldwide basis<ref name=BDS_WORLDWIDE>[http://www.insidegnss.com/node/3590 BeiDou China’s Rapidly Emerging GNSS, InsideGNSS, May/June 2014]</ref>. The first and second generation of BeiDou receivers are already available, including the combination of GPS and BeiDou systems - currently limited to the available [[BeiDou Services\|regional services]] - with already over a thousand [[BeiDou User Segment\|users]].		The [[BeiDou_General_Introduction\|BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS)]], also known as BeiDou-2<ref name=BDS_STATUS>[http://www.filasinternational.eu/sidereus-project/pdf/02.pdf Compass/BeiDou Status], Jun Shen, BNStar Navigation Technology & System, Inc., Rome (Italy), June 11, 2009</ref>, is China’s second-generation satellite navigation system<ref name=BDS_STATUS/><ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beidou_Navigation_Satellite_System BeiDou Navigation Satellite System in Wikipedia]</ref> that will be capable of providing positioning, navigation, and timing services to users on a continuous worldwide basis<ref name=BDS_WORLDWIDE>[http://www.insidegnss.com/node/3590 BeiDou China’s Rapidly Emerging GNSS, InsideGNSS, May/June 2014]</ref>.


	==BeiDou ~~Receiver==~~		As for the other GNSSs, the main layers of BeiDou architecture are:
			*[[BeiDou Space Segment\|BeiDou Space Segment]]: By 2020, the space segment will consist of a constellation of 35 satellites, which include 5 geostationary orbit (GEO) satellites and 30 non-GSO satellites; 27 in Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) and 3 in Inclined Geosynchronous Orbit (IGSO). The constellation has been designed in order to provide a worldwide coverage<ref name=BEIDOU_MUNICH_2011>China Satellite Navigation Office, Development of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, Munich Satellite Navigation Summit, 2011</ref>.
	~~The~~ BeiDou ~~User~~ Segment ~~consists~~ of ~~Beidou user terminals~~<ref name=BEIDOU_MUNICH_2011>China Satellite Navigation Office, Development of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, Munich Satellite Navigation Summit, 2011</ref>. The first generation of BeiDou-1 terminals emerged in 2003 with full RDSS function and communication terminal based on General Purpose ICs. The second generation appeared in 2009 based in ASIC and comprising already GPS integration<ref>"Status of COMPASS Development", M. Lu, Stanford PNT Symposium 2010</ref>.		*[[BeiDou Ground Segment\|BeiDou Ground Segment]]: The components of the ground segment include a Master Control Station, Upload Stations and several Monitor Stations.<ref name=BEIDOU_MUNICH_2011/>
			*[[BeiDou User Segment\|BeiDou User Segment]]: The User Segment is composed of the BeiDou user terminals, which receive BeiDou navigation signals, determine pseudoranges (and other observables) and solve the navigation equations in order to obtain their coordinates. There is also an international cooperation in terms of Compatibility and Interoperability between BeiDou and other GNSSs, that will lead to terminals compatible with other GNSSs.<ref name=BEIDOU_MUNICH_2011/>

	~~==Particularities==~~
	~~Each GNSS system uses a specific~~ [[~~Reference Frames in GNSS~~\|~~Reference Frame~~]]~~; although a multi-constellation receiver is able to convert all information to~~ the ~~same common frame,~~ a ~~BeiDou-only receiver uses the China Geodetic Coordinate System 2000 (CGCS2000)~~, ~~consistent with the International Terrestrial Reference System (ITRS)~~.

	~~In an analogous way, each system has its own~~ [[~~Time References in GNSS~~\|~~time reference]] defined by the respective control segments; the time reference for~~ BeiDou ~~is called “BeiDou Time” ([[Time References in GNSS#BeiDou Time (BDT)\|BDT~~]]~~) and it is aligned with UTC.~~

	Each GNSS System transmits its own navigation message, defined in the respective Signal In Space Interface Control Documents, SIS ICD. As an example, the satellites transmit information that allows the receiver to compute their positions. The [http://www.beidou.gov.cn/attach/2011/12/27/201112273f3be6124f7d4c7bac428a36cc1d1363.pdf BeiDou Navigation Satellite System Signal In Space Interface Control Document (Test Version)] was released in December 2011<ref>[http://www.beidou.gov.cn/attach/2011/12/27/201112273f3be6124f7d4c7bac428a36cc1d1363.pdf BeiDou Navigation Satellite System Signal In Space Interface Control Document (Test Version)], China Satellite Navigation Office, December 2011</ref>. The ~~[http://gge.unb.ca/test/beidou_icd_english.pdf first version~~ of the ~~SIS ICD] for~~ BeiDou B1I open service signal on 1561.098 MHz was released December 27 at a news conference held in Beijing by the Chinese State Council Information Office<ref>http://www.gpsworld.com/beidou-icd-released GPS World, January 2013</ref>.

	~~GNSS signals modulation, structure~~, navigation ~~message contents and formats are often different among~~ signals ~~from the same system and from different systems. Most of these characteristics are easily implemented at the receiver (e.g. requiring only “software modifications”~~, such as the use of different PRN codes or the ability to cope with different message structures). The main difference among GNSS receivers falls into the specific characteristics that have impact at RF level, such as the [[CDMA FDMA Techniques\|Multiple Access Techniques]] employed. BeiDou (~~as GPS~~ and ~~Galileo~~) uses CDMA techniques allowing a simpler RF module (than for example GLONASS), since all signals in the same frequency band have a common carrier. Nevertheless, BeiDou supports a [[BeiDou Services\|regional short message service]], which allows the user to send information to the stations. This additional communication link adds complexity to the receiver, and ~~therefore potentially higher costs.~~

	~~It should be noted that~~ the ~~current trend consists on facilitating the access of each system~~ to ~~the receivers, i~~.~~e. fomenting multi-constellation receivers. Hence, most discussions and agreements among the systems’ responsibles are conducted~~ in ~~the sense of taking this effort out of the user segment, focusing on [[Principles~~ of Compatibility ~~among GNSS\|compatibility]]~~ and ~~[[Principles of~~ Interoperability ~~among GNSS\|interoperability]] aspects in the system design~~.

	==Notes==		==Notes==
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	==References==		==References==
	<references/>		<references/>


	[[Category:BEIDOU]]		[[Category:BEIDOU]]

Filipe.Pelica at 14:13, 26 May 2014

2014-05-26T14:13:16Z

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	The [[~~COMPASS General Introduction~~\|~~Compass~~ Navigation Satellite System (~~CNSS~~)]], also ~~named~~ BeiDou-2,<ref name=~~Chinese_today~~>[http://www.~~sinodefence~~.~~com~~/~~space~~/~~satellite~~/~~compass-beidou2~~.~~asp~~ Compass ~~Satellite~~ Navigation System (~~Beidou~~), ~~on Sinodefence.com~~, ~~updated on August 6th, 2011.]~~ </ref> is China’s second-generation satellite navigation system that will be capable of providing positioning, navigation, and timing services to users on a continuous worldwide basis<ref name=~~Chinese_today/><ref name=COMPASS_Wiki~~>[http://en.~~wikipedia~~.~~org~~/~~wiki~~/~~Compass_navigation_system COMPASS Navigation system in Wikipedia~~]</ref>. The first and second generation of ~~COMPASS~~ receivers are already available, including the combination of GPS and ~~COMPASS~~ systems - currently limited to the available [[~~COMPASS~~ Services\|regional services]] - with already over a thousand [[~~COMPASS~~ User Segment\|users]].		The [[BeiDou_General_Introduction\|BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS)]], also known as BeiDou-2<ref name=BDS_STATUS>[http://www.filasinternational.eu/sidereus-project/pdf/02.pdf Compass/BeiDou Status], Jun Shen, BNStar Navigation Technology & System, Inc., Rome (Italy), June 11, 2009</ref>, is China’s second-generation satellite navigation system<ref name=BDS_STATUS/><ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beidou_Navigation_Satellite_System BeiDou Navigation Satellite System in Wikipedia]</ref> that will be capable of providing positioning, navigation, and timing services to users on a continuous worldwide basis<ref name=BDS_WORLDWIDE>[http://www.insidegnss.com/node/3590 BeiDou China’s Rapidly Emerging GNSS, InsideGNSS, May/June 2014]</ref>. The first and second generation of BeiDou receivers are already available, including the combination of GPS and BeiDou systems - currently limited to the available [[BeiDou Services\|regional services]] - with already over a thousand [[BeiDou User Segment\|users]].


	==~~COMPASS~~ Receiver==		==BeiDou Receiver==

	The ~~COMPASS~~ User Segment consists of ~~COMPASS/~~Beidou user terminals<ref name=BEIDOU_MUNICH_2011>China Satellite Navigation Office, Development of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, Munich Satellite Navigation Summit, 2011</ref>. The first generation of BeiDou-1 terminals emerged in 2003 with full RDSS function and communication terminal based on General Purpose ICs. The second generation appeared in 2009 based in ASIC and comprising already GPS integration<ref>"Status of COMPASS Development", M. Lu, Stanford PNT Symposium 2010</ref>.		The BeiDou User Segment consists of Beidou user terminals<ref name=BEIDOU_MUNICH_2011>China Satellite Navigation Office, Development of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, Munich Satellite Navigation Summit, 2011</ref>. The first generation of BeiDou-1 terminals emerged in 2003 with full RDSS function and communication terminal based on General Purpose ICs. The second generation appeared in 2009 based in ASIC and comprising already GPS integration<ref>"Status of COMPASS Development", M. Lu, Stanford PNT Symposium 2010</ref>.


	==Particularities==		==Particularities==
	Each GNSS system uses a specific [[Reference Frames in GNSS\|Reference Frame]]; although a multi-constellation receiver is able to convert all information to the same common frame, a ~~COMPASS~~-only receiver uses the China Geodetic Coordinate System 2000 (CGCS2000), consistent with the International Terrestrial Reference System (ITRS).		Each GNSS system uses a specific [[Reference Frames in GNSS\|Reference Frame]]; although a multi-constellation receiver is able to convert all information to the same common frame, a BeiDou-only receiver uses the China Geodetic Coordinate System 2000 (CGCS2000), consistent with the International Terrestrial Reference System (ITRS).

	In an analogous way, each system has its own [[Time References in GNSS\|time reference]] defined by the respective control segments; the time reference for ~~COMPASS~~ is called “BeiDou Time” (BDT) and it is aligned with UTC.		In an analogous way, each system has its own [[Time References in GNSS\|time reference]] defined by the respective control segments; the time reference for BeiDou is called “BeiDou Time” ([[Time References in GNSS#BeiDou Time (BDT)\|BDT]]) and it is aligned with UTC.

	Each GNSS System transmits its own navigation message, defined in the respective Signal In Space Interface Control Documents, SIS ICD. As an example, the satellites transmit information that allows the receiver to compute their positions. The [http://www.beidou.gov.cn/attach/2011/12/27/201112273f3be6124f7d4c7bac428a36cc1d1363.pdf BeiDou Navigation Satellite System Signal In Space Interface Control Document (Test Version)] was released in December 2011<ref>[http://www.beidou.gov.cn/attach/2011/12/27/201112273f3be6124f7d4c7bac428a36cc1d1363.pdf BeiDou Navigation Satellite System Signal In Space Interface Control Document (Test Version)], China Satellite Navigation Office, December 2011</ref>. The [http://gge.unb.ca/test/beidou_icd_english.pdf first version of the SIS ICD] for BeiDou B1I open service signal on 1561.098 MHz was released December 27 at a news conference held in Beijing by the Chinese State Council Information Office<ref>http://www.gpsworld.com/beidou-icd-released GPS World, January 2013</ref>.		Each GNSS System transmits its own navigation message, defined in the respective Signal In Space Interface Control Documents, SIS ICD. As an example, the satellites transmit information that allows the receiver to compute their positions. The [http://www.beidou.gov.cn/attach/2011/12/27/201112273f3be6124f7d4c7bac428a36cc1d1363.pdf BeiDou Navigation Satellite System Signal In Space Interface Control Document (Test Version)] was released in December 2011<ref>[http://www.beidou.gov.cn/attach/2011/12/27/201112273f3be6124f7d4c7bac428a36cc1d1363.pdf BeiDou Navigation Satellite System Signal In Space Interface Control Document (Test Version)], China Satellite Navigation Office, December 2011</ref>. The [http://gge.unb.ca/test/beidou_icd_english.pdf first version of the SIS ICD] for BeiDou B1I open service signal on 1561.098 MHz was released December 27 at a news conference held in Beijing by the Chinese State Council Information Office<ref>http://www.gpsworld.com/beidou-icd-released GPS World, January 2013</ref>.

	GNSS signals modulation, structure, navigation message contents and formats are often different among signals from the same system and from different systems. Most of these characteristics are easily implemented at the receiver (e.g. requiring only “software modifications”, such as the use of different PRN codes or the ability to cope with different message structures). The main difference among GNSS receivers falls into the specific characteristics that have impact at RF level, such as the [[CDMA FDMA Techniques\|Multiple Access Techniques]] employed. ~~COMPASS~~ (as GPS and Galileo) uses CDMA techniques allowing a simpler RF module (than for example GLONASS), since all signals in the same frequency band have a common carrier. Nevertheless, ~~COMPASS~~ supports a [[~~COMPASS~~ Services\|regional short message service]], which allows the user to send information to the stations. This additional communication link adds complexity to the receiver, and therefore potentially higher costs.		GNSS signals modulation, structure, navigation message contents and formats are often different among signals from the same system and from different systems. Most of these characteristics are easily implemented at the receiver (e.g. requiring only “software modifications”, such as the use of different PRN codes or the ability to cope with different message structures). The main difference among GNSS receivers falls into the specific characteristics that have impact at RF level, such as the [[CDMA FDMA Techniques\|Multiple Access Techniques]] employed. BeiDou (as GPS and Galileo) uses CDMA techniques allowing a simpler RF module (than for example GLONASS), since all signals in the same frequency band have a common carrier. Nevertheless, BeiDou supports a [[BeiDou Services\|regional short message service]], which allows the user to send information to the stations. This additional communication link adds complexity to the receiver, and therefore potentially higher costs.

	It should be noted that the current trend consists on facilitating the access of each system to the receivers, i.e. fomenting multi-constellation receivers. Hence, most discussions and agreements among the systems’ responsibles are conducted in the sense of taking this effort out of the user segment, focusing on [[Principles of Compatibility among GNSS\|compatibility]] and [[Principles of Interoperability among GNSS\|interoperability]] aspects in the system design.		It should be noted that the current trend consists on facilitating the access of each system to the receivers, i.e. fomenting multi-constellation receivers. Hence, most discussions and agreements among the systems’ responsibles are conducted in the sense of taking this effort out of the user segment, focusing on [[Principles of Compatibility among GNSS\|compatibility]] and [[Principles of Interoperability among GNSS\|interoperability]] aspects in the system design.