Approach - Revision history

Claudia.Prajanu at 19:25, 9 September 2018

2018-09-09T19:25:30Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:25, 9 September 2018
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	Approach, landing and take-off are critical flight phases and the major need of commercial operators is to have full operations in all weather conditions. As a consequence, precision approach is a mandatory requirement.		Approach, landing and take-off are critical flight phases and the major need of commercial operators is to have full operations in all weather conditions. As a consequence, precision approach is a mandatory requirement.
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	=== Performance-based approach ===		=== Performance-based approach ===

	The performance-based service-oriented operational concept will drive the modification of the approach ''Concept of Operations''. As GNSS landing is progressively introduced, ILS will revert to a backup system to support the risk of GNSS outage.<ref name="sesar" >~~[http://www.fp7ireland.com/cms/Documents/SESAR%20Definition%20Phase%20-%20Deliverables%203%20The%20ATM%20Target%20Concept_324.pdf~~ SESAR Consortium], The ATM Target Concept D3, September 2007 </ref>		The performance-based service-oriented operational concept will drive the modification of the approach ''Concept of Operations''. As GNSS landing is progressively introduced, ILS will revert to a backup system to support the risk of GNSS outage.<ref name="sesar" > SESAR Consortium, The ATM Target Concept D3, September 2007 </ref>

	The [[En Route Navigation#Performance-based navigation\|Performance-based navigation approach]] method is used because it offers a number of advantages over the sensor-specific method, providing a new instrument approach facility at a significantly lower cost than existing ground based alternatives to operators.		The [[En Route Navigation#Performance-based navigation\|Performance-based navigation approach]] method is used because it offers a number of advantages over the sensor-specific method, providing a new instrument approach facility at a significantly lower cost than existing ground based alternatives to operators.
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	Finally, ILS is not an option available in all airports. In certain airport scenarios there is no ILS, due to the lack of terrain available around the runway, e.g., airports located in river banks, or near sea shore.		Finally, ILS is not an option available in all airports. In certain airport scenarios there is no ILS, due to the lack of terrain available around the runway, e.g., airports located in river banks, or near sea shore.

	The Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) limit for non-precision approach is 0.3 NM. <ref name="PNB-manual" >[~~http~~://www.icao.int/~~icao/en/anb/meetings~~/~~perf2007/_PBN%20Manual_W-Draft%205.1_FINAL%2007MAR2007~~.~~pdf~~ Performance-based navigation Manual], ICAO, March 2007</ref>		The Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) limit for non-precision approach is 0.3 NM. <ref name="PNB-manual" >[https://www.icao.int/Pages/default.aspx Performance-based navigation Manual], ICAO, March 2007</ref>

	== Application Characterization ==		== Application Characterization ==
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	Some of these companies are:		Some of these companies are:
	* [http://www.garmin.com/ Garmin]		* [http://www.garmin.com/ Garmin]
	* ~~[http://www.approachsystems.com/~~ Approach Systems]		* Approach Systems
	* [http://www.anywheremap.com/ Any Where Map]		* [http://www.anywheremap.com/ Any Where Map]

Filipe.Pelica: Included editor logo.

2014-09-18T16:59:26Z

Included editor logo.

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Filipe.Pelica: fixed broken link.

2014-09-09T12:44:50Z

fixed broken link.

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:44, 9 September 2014
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	=== Performance-based approach ===		=== Performance-based approach ===

	The performance-based service-oriented operational concept will drive the modification of the approach ''Concept of Operations''. As GNSS landing is progressively introduced, ILS will revert to a backup system to support the risk of GNSS outage.<ref name="sesar" >[http://www.~~eurocontrol~~.~~int~~/~~sesar~~/~~gallery~~/~~content/public/docs/DLM-0612-001-02~~-00.pdf SESAR Consortium], The ATM Target Concept D3, September 2007 </ref>		The performance-based service-oriented operational concept will drive the modification of the approach ''Concept of Operations''. As GNSS landing is progressively introduced, ILS will revert to a backup system to support the risk of GNSS outage.<ref name="sesar" >[http://www.fp7ireland.com/cms/Documents/SESAR%20Definition%20Phase%20-%20Deliverables%203%20The%20ATM%20Target%20Concept_324.pdf SESAR Consortium], The ATM Target Concept D3, September 2007 </ref>

	The [[En Route Navigation#Performance-based navigation\|Performance-based navigation approach]] method is used because it offers a number of advantages over the sensor-specific method, providing a new instrument approach facility at a significantly lower cost than existing ground based alternatives to operators.		The [[En Route Navigation#Performance-based navigation\|Performance-based navigation approach]] method is used because it offers a number of advantages over the sensor-specific method, providing a new instrument approach facility at a significantly lower cost than existing ground based alternatives to operators.

Carlos.Lopez at 10:48, 23 February 2012

2012-02-23T10:48:36Z

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	\|YearOfPublication=2011		\|YearOfPublication=2011

Carlos.Lopez at 10:38, 23 February 2012

2012-02-23T10:38:04Z

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	\|Level=Intermediate		\|Level=Intermediate
	\|YearOfPublication=2011		\|YearOfPublication=2011
	\|~~Logo~~=~~GMV~~		\|Title={{PAGENAME}}
	}}		}}

	Approach, landing and take-off are critical flight phases and the major need of commercial operators is to have full operations in all weather conditions. As a consequence, precision approach is a mandatory requirement.		Approach, landing and take-off are critical flight phases and the major need of commercial operators is to have full operations in all weather conditions. As a consequence, precision approach is a mandatory requirement.

Timo.Kouwenhoven: Text replace - "|Level=Medium" to "|Level=Intermediate"

2011-11-06T07:39:09Z

Text replace - "|Level=Medium" to "|Level=Intermediate"

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Timo.Kouwenhoven: Text replace - "|Authors=GMV." to "|Authors=GMV"

2011-11-01T13:46:41Z

Text replace - "|Authors=GMV." to "|Authors=GMV"

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Rui.Pereira: moved Work in Progress:Approach to Approach over redirect

2011-05-27T15:49:23Z

moved Work in Progress:Approach to Approach over redirect

← Older revision	Revision as of 15:49, 27 May 2011
(No difference)

Rui.Pereira at 15:28, 26 May 2011

2011-05-26T15:28:08Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:28, 26 May 2011
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	Approach, landing and take-off are critical flight phases and the major need of commercial operators is to have full operations in all weather conditions. As a consequence, precision approach is a mandatory requirement.		Approach, landing and take-off are critical flight phases and the major need of commercial operators is to have full operations in all weather conditions. As a consequence, precision approach is a mandatory requirement.

	The GNSS, with the aid of ground-based augmentation (local elements), ~~will satisfy~~ the needs for precision approach as defined in the aeronautical standards, and ~~could replace~~ or ~~complement~~ the navigation infrastructure of airports in regions where the system is inadequate. The most prominent example is the airports that are not equipped with instrument landing systems.		The GNSS, with the aid of ground-based augmentation (local elements), satisfies the needs for precision approach as defined in the aeronautical standards and replaces or complements the navigation infrastructure of airports in regions where the system is inadequate. The most prominent example is the airports that are not equipped with instrument landing systems.

Teresa.Ferreira: /* Application Architecture */

2011-05-26T13:17:44Z

Application Architecture

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:17, 26 May 2011
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	== Application Architecture ==		== Application Architecture ==

	For approach and landing, the [[SKYbrary:ILS\|Instrument Landing Systems (ILS)]] will remain the primary source of guidance for [[wikipedia:Instrument landing system#ILS categories\|CAT I/II/III]] operations in major airports, because is the current standard system for precision approach.<ref>[http://www.ecacnav.com/downloads/AP_10_SCG8_GNSS_1.pdf Policy on GNSS for Navigation Applications in the Civil Aviation Domain], EUROCONTROL Navigation Domain, April 2008</ref>		For approach and landing, the [[SKYbrary:ILS\|Instrument Landing Systems (ILS)]] will remain the primary source of guidance for [[wikipedia:Instrument landing system#ILS categories\|CAT I/II/III]] operations in major airports, because it is the current standard system for precision approach.<ref>[http://www.ecacnav.com/downloads/AP_10_SCG8_GNSS_1.pdf Policy on GNSS for Navigation Applications in the Civil Aviation Domain], EUROCONTROL Navigation Domain, April 2008</ref>

	Approach systems are commonly designated as precision or non-precision and ~~its~~ worth to distinguish between those systems:		Approach systems are commonly designated as precision or non-precision and it is worth to distinguish between those systems:

	These descriptions were adapted from the [https://www.eurocontrol.int/eec/gallery/content/public/document/eec/report/1995/008_Papers_at_1st_Meeting_ICAO_GNSS_Panel.pdf Operational Requirements For a Global Navigation Satellite System for ICAO].<ref name="precision">[https://www.eurocontrol.int/eec/gallery/content/public/document/eec/report/1995/008_Papers_at_1st_Meeting_ICAO_GNSS_Panel.pdf Operational Requirements For a Global Navigation Satellite System for ICAO], ICAO Global Navigation Satellite System Panel, First Meeting, Montreal, October 1994</ref>		These descriptions were adapted from the [https://www.eurocontrol.int/eec/gallery/content/public/document/eec/report/1995/008_Papers_at_1st_Meeting_ICAO_GNSS_Panel.pdf Operational Requirements For a Global Navigation Satellite System for ICAO].<ref name="precision">[https://www.eurocontrol.int/eec/gallery/content/public/document/eec/report/1995/008_Papers_at_1st_Meeting_ICAO_GNSS_Panel.pdf Operational Requirements For a Global Navigation Satellite System for ICAO], ICAO Global Navigation Satellite System Panel, First Meeting, Montreal, October 1994</ref>
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	The performance-based service-oriented operational concept will drive the modification of the approach ''Concept of Operations''. As GNSS landing is progressively introduced, ILS will revert to a backup system to support the risk of GNSS outage.<ref name="sesar" >[http://www.eurocontrol.int/sesar/gallery/content/public/docs/DLM-0612-001-02-00.pdf SESAR Consortium], The ATM Target Concept D3, September 2007 </ref>		The performance-based service-oriented operational concept will drive the modification of the approach ''Concept of Operations''. As GNSS landing is progressively introduced, ILS will revert to a backup system to support the risk of GNSS outage.<ref name="sesar" >[http://www.eurocontrol.int/sesar/gallery/content/public/docs/DLM-0612-001-02-00.pdf SESAR Consortium], The ATM Target Concept D3, September 2007 </ref>

	The [[En Route Navigation#Performance-based navigation\|Performance-based navigation approach]] method is used because it ~~puts available~~ a number of advantages, over the sensor-specific method, ~~offering to operators~~ a new instrument approach facility at a significantly lower cost than existing ground based alternatives.		The [[En Route Navigation#Performance-based navigation\|Performance-based navigation approach]] method is used because it offers a number of advantages over the sensor-specific method, providing a new instrument approach facility at a significantly lower cost than existing ground based alternatives to operators.

	Unlike traditional sensor-based approach procedures like [[SKYbrary:VHF omnidirectional range\|VOR]] or ILS, that require a specific sensor complement to fly an approach, RNAV approach procedures provide a common information for pilots.		Unlike traditional sensor-based approach procedures like [[SKYbrary:VHF omnidirectional range\|VOR]] or ILS, that require a specific sensor complement to fly an approach, RNAV approach procedures provide a common information for pilots.
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	The Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) limit for non-precision approach is 0.3 NM. <ref name="PNB-manual" >[http://www.icao.int/icao/en/anb/meetings/perf2007/_PBN%20Manual_W-Draft%205.1_FINAL%2007MAR2007.pdf Performance-based navigation Manual], ICAO, March 2007</ref>		The Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) limit for non-precision approach is 0.3 NM. <ref name="PNB-manual" >[http://www.icao.int/icao/en/anb/meetings/perf2007/_PBN%20Manual_W-Draft%205.1_FINAL%2007MAR2007.pdf Performance-based navigation Manual], ICAO, March 2007</ref>


	== Application Characterization ==		== Application Characterization ==